Sept.^ 23, 1899.J 
FOiREST- AND STREAM. 
a single and next a covey, an outlying bird of which was 
pointed by Mac, Both dogs covered a great deal of 
ground at high speed, and were steady in their bird work. 
Their competition was of a good class. 
Gladiator II. and Swift ran twenty minutes and were 
ordered up. their work being of a very low grade. 
Bang III. and Blackie. — The former fairly smothered 
the latter in the quality and work of their heat. He found 
and pointed a bevy well, and was far superiof in range, 
speed and good judgment in seeking. ' 
Prince Ightfield and Sport. — The former was romping 
instead of hunting and made two flushes in his careless 
running about. Sport had a very sore foot on which was 
a cloth boot, and though he woi-ked well, it was not up 
to the standard which he generally shows. He pointed a 
bevy and made two good points on single birds, and he 
sought diligently as well, on the whole making a very 
good showing. 
Second Round. 
There were five dogs in this series, and they were run 
in order as follows : 
Bang III. and Go Bang. — The former fell off materially 
in the quality of his bird work, though he kept up his 
speed and range. He pointed a covey and was unsteady 
to wing; next he refused to back Bang's point on a covey, 
stealing the point when he should have backed; and next 
he flushed several birds and was unsteady to wing. Bang 
in the meantime made some excellent work on single 
birds, pointing them with admirable exactness and suc- 
cess. 
Mac Hamber and Sport. — The latter succeeded in read- 
ing to a covey skillfully while his competitor drew away 
in another direction; next he flushed a single excusably. 
Mac next found and pointed a covey, and Sport made two 
points and two flushes. Mac was much the better on the 
work done. 
Blackie Avals given a five minutes run, but showing that 
she had no chance to win, she was ordered up. 
Third Round. 
Mac Hamber and Bang III. were given a ten-minute 
spin, but there was notliing found. Both ranged well 
The heat and trials ended at 5:42. 
The judge announced the winners as follows: First. Battg 
in. ; second, Mac Hamber ; equal third. Go Bang and 
Sport. The first two are owned by Messrs. Hamber and 
Code, J. R. Mayhew owns Bang, and Sport is owned by 
Mr. J, Lemon. 
Notes. 
To the winner of the Derby there was an elegant extra 
pfize— a silver cup— donated by Mr. John Wootten, who 
has been enthusiastic in field trial matters these many 
years. Mr. W. H. White, of Brandon, Man., was the 
winner, with his good performer Manitoba Prairie Bird. 
He was the recipient of many hearty congrautlations. 
Mr. Code, of Winnipeg, was the fortunate winner of the 
All-Age special, a collar called the chain of evidence, the 
links of which are silver and so made that the winner of 
each year tnay have his name inscribed thereon, the win- 
ner now holding it but one year unless he can win it 
again. , . , . , , 
There was a lot of good fellowship at these trials, and 
they deserve the most liberal support from sportsmen. 
Canadian Kennel Club. 
Secretary Donovan's annual report, read at the meet- 
ing Sept. 6, shows the club to be in a flourishing condi- 
tion, with increased membership and full of influence. 
The officers for the new year are: Patron, Mr. William 
Hendry; Hon. President, Mr. Richard Gibson; Presi- 
dent, Mr. John G. Kent, Toronto ; First Vice-President, 
Dr T. S. Niven, London. Vice-Presidents, Mr. F. 1. 
Miller, Trenton, Ont. ; Mr. Jos. A. Laurin, Montreal; 
Mr. E. R. Colier, Winnipeg; Rev. J. W. Flmton, Vic- 
toria, B. C. Secretary-Treasurer, H. B. Donovan, 
Toronto. Executive Committee, Dr. Wesley Mills, Mon- 
treal* P G. Keyes, Ottawa; H, P. Thomas, Belleville; 
Geo. H. Gooderham, W. P. Eraser, A. A. Macdonald, Dr. 
A Boultbee, F. W. Jacobi, Toronto; James Bertram, 
Dundas; C. W. Ford, Kingston; Rev. Thos. Geoghegan, 
Hamilton; Dr. H. Wallwin, Barrie. Delegate from Gore 
Kennel Club, Hamilton, F. C. Mills. 
Eastern Field Trials Club. 
Greenfield Hill, Conn.. May i.— The Eastern Field 
Trials Club takes pleasure in announcing the twenty-first 
annual field trials meeting, to be held at the club grounds, 
Newton, N. C. , , ^ , -kt v 
Beginning with the Members' Stake on November 17, 
1899, followed by the Derby, All-Age and Subscription 
stakes, open to the world. 
The club will use every available endeavor to leave upon 
the the minds of all in attendance a pleasant remembrance 
of this meeting which the Club desires to make one of the 
most interesting outings of the season 
Simon C. Bkadley, Sec y and Treas. 
Points and Flushes. 
The Eastern Field Trials Club announces in our busi- 
ness columns its twenty-first annual field trials, to be held 
at Newton, N. C, commencing Friday, Nov. 17, with the 
Members' Stake, and with the open trials on Monday, 
Nov 20 There are four stakes— the Members Stake, 
the Derby the AH Age Setter and Pointer Stake and the 
Eastern Subscription Stake. The judges are Messrs. 
Arthur Merriman, Memphis; Theo Sturges, New York, 
and N. Wallace, Farmington, Conn. Entries of All Age 
Stake close Oct. i. 
It is a mistake to suppose that crabs will not eat offal. They 
are the scavengers of ttie deep. They will eat any kind of flesh. 
A dead body will fatten a hundred crabs. They are baited with 
TDUtrid tripe. They will eat all summer, except when shedding 
or soft. The hard crab never sleeps, but always eats, their claws 
may be called hands, but it is tlie sole business of these hands to 
convey food to the mouth when not in use for defensive purposes. 
Crabs will eat each other if confined in a peterboat m the water. 
It is wonderful how much they do eat, and a mystery what they 
do with it. Put a %lb. crab in a livebox with an alewife in 
the evening and in the morning it will be found that the crab 
has eaten the fish, and it is ftp ^ W^- '^rjib, plus possibly an 
ounce.— Baltimore Swn, 
Fixtures. 
SEPTEMBER. 
23. Corinthian, Phila., knockabout, Essington, Delaware River. 
28. Riverside, fail regatta, l<ivcr.suie, Long Island Sound. 
24. Williamsburgh, annual fall regatta. Bowery Bay, L. 1. Sound. 
27. Taunton, ladies' day, Taunton, Mass. 
30, Corinthian, knockabout, Essington, Delaware River. 
OCTOHEa. 
3-5-7. New York, America Cup matches, Sandy Hook. 
Glencairn L 
In the development of the modern light displacement 
racing yacht that has come into such general use within 
the past three years, there are three very different boats 
that are of special interest — Sorceress, Question and" 
Glencairn I. The first of these, designed by Mr. Linton 
Hope in 1894, and raced with such marked success in 
England, demonstrated the speed of the light displace- 
ment type in a new form, with the modern long ends. 
The second, designed by Mr. L. D. Huntington in 1895, 
and exceptionally fast under certain conditions, served 
to call attention to a new method of evading the water- 
line measurement. The third, designed by Mr. G. H. ' 
Duggan in 1896, as the representative of the Royal St. 
Lawrence Y. C. in its races for the Seawanhaka cup, 
represents the complete development and perfection o£ 
an entirely new principle in designing, both in the 
method of working and the end to be attained. 
When the Royal St. Lawrence Y. C. issued its chal- 
Duggan first saw his way to the shortening of the virater- 
line as the yacht heeled, but whatever the source from 
which it was derived, this idea was soon developed into 
the leading principle of his designing work. In the 
earlier of the 15-footers the waterline was cut to little 
over 13ft., the sharp V at the stem being cut away. One 
change led to another, until in Sothis, designed for him- 
self and Mr, Shearwood late in the winter, the extreme 
of but 12ft, gin. was reached. The form by this time had 
changed from the saucer or flat V section to a perfectly 
flat tloor with flaring sides, joined to it by hard bilges, 
the level lines above and below water being hard and 
blunt, but the inclined lines at an extreme angle of heei 
being very long and easy. 
In spite of her extreme form, short waterline and large 
sail plan, 280 sq. ft., Sothis was satisfactory to her de 
signer from the time of her trial trip early in the spring, 
and the first races showed her to be easily the best of 
the entire fleet. Her purely experimental features proved 
so successful that Mr. Duggan was tempted tho carry 
them to a further extreme in another design, at the 
same time correcting two faults disclosed in the first trial 
sails, a lack of freeboard and a very large cockpit. The 
new boat, ordered by Com. James Ross and named 
by him after a ship built by his father, in which he at one 
time sailed, was designed in the middle of May and 
built under Mr. Duggan's personal supervision at the 
Dominion Bridge Company's works, Lachine, by men 
sent from Toronto by the builder, Harry F. Hodgson, 
who had already built Sothis, Anita, Mischief and 
Otowynn. Prior to the designing of Sothis, the first 
vague ideas had been expanded and developed into an 
entirely new principle of designing, which has since 
GLENCAIRN I., 1896. 
lenge for the cup in October of 1895, after the success- 
ful defense of the cup by Ethelwynn against Spruce 
IIIL, the club had in its fleet nothing in the shape of a 
modern 15-footer or half-rater. The racing yachts of the 
club were mo.stly from 21 to 30ft. l.w.l., and the smallest 
class, i8ft. R.L., was made up of skiffs, catboats and an 
odd lot of small craft, none of which were in any way 
available for the development of a 15ft. class. It was 
necessary to start at the bottom and to build Up an en- 
tirely new class, which was done very successfully, six- 
teen new yachts taking part in the many races of the 
class throughout the season. Of this fleet seven yachts 
were designed by Mr. Duggan, in addition to two trial 
designs, which were not built from. The work of de- 
signing was begun very shortly after the challenge was 
accepted in October, and continued through the winter 
and up to the middle of May, Glencairn I. being the last 
of Mr. Duggan's boats. 
Ethelwynn, the head of the class in 1895, though of 
American design, was of the Sorceress type, with a 
waterline of nearly 15ft., a small sail plan and a very 
light bronze centerboard. tier midship section was of a 
flattened V shape, and her waterline,. though compara- 
tively full, ran to a point at the stem. In his first studies 
and designs Mr. Duggan started with this type of 15- 
footer, and some of his boats ran to a waterline of 14ft. 
4in. His experience in various classes on Lake St. Louis 
had convinced him of the value of a large sail plan, and 
as the work of designing progressed, his efforts were 
niore and more directed to the shortening of the L.W.L. 
as a means to an enlargement of the sail plan. 
The performances of the 15-footer Question in some 
of the races during the season of 1895, when she showed 
exceptional speed in strong winds and rough water, had ^ 
directed the attention of yachtsmen to her, and her 
peculiar form had been the subject of much discussion. 
It had been pointed out by different writers that while 
she measured but 15ft, or less when upright, she gained 
rapidly in effective length, as .she was heeled to an ex- 
treme' angle, with only the lower corner of her square 
form immersed, at the same time narrowing her beam 
and improving all of her immersed lines. 
It was probably through this discussion that Mr. 
been followed by Mr. Duggan, reaching its legitimate 
conclusion in the noted Dominion of i8g8, illustrated in 
the Forest and Stijeam of Oct. i, 8 and 15 of that year. 
In designing by this system the end in view is the pro- 
duction of a yacht with a very short waterline, as meas- 
ured in the upright position at anchor, but with an ex- 
cessively long waterline when heeled either by her sails 
or by the weight of crew to leeward. As a means to this 
end, at the outset, the upright position of the vessel is 
entirely disregarded and she is assumed to be heeled to 
an extreme angle, not less than 20 degrees. The im- 
mersed portion of the hull when in this position, prac- 
tically one-half of the vessel from keel to gunwale, is 
treated as a whole, without reference to the other half, 
its load waterline (the ordinary immersed and emersed 
waterlines as usually plotted when a design is nearly 
completed) is plotted as soon as the sections are sketched 
in, and changes are made until this waterline is as long 
as possible for a given measurement in the upright posi- 
tion, as narrow, and as nearly syfnmetrical as it can be 
made. While in the earlier boats the lengthening of the 
inclined waterline and the symmetrizing of the two sides 
had been merely incidental, in the later, and especially 
in Glencairn I., the whole design was dominated by 
them. The waterline in measuring trim was cut to an 
extreme point, the bilge was hardened amidships and 
carried as far fore and aft as possible to obtain a long, 
narrow canoe hull of adequate displacement. In the up- 
right position the length of the L.W.L. was 12ft. 6in., and 
the breadth on the L.W.L. was sft. 5in. ; in the in- 
clined position the length was isft., and the beam but 4ft. 
By means of different auxiliary lines not shown in the 
design, the immersed half of the hull was faired up and 
the areas of sections made to conform to the theoretic 
curve ; in fact all the operations to which the hull in ,the 
upright position is usually subjected Vere carried out 
first on the inclined half. After this half-hull was de- 
signed the lines were completed by duplicating it on the 
other side and drawing in the overhangs in harmony 
with the other portions. 
The consideration of the hull in the upright position, 
the starting point of a design according to the old 
method, cwe in last of all, being of little importance., as 
