232  On  the  Construction  of  Farm- Buildings. 
in  the  upper  story  are,  in  the  north  wall,  for  a door,  4 feet  wide 
by  6 feet  high,  over  the  window ; and  for  a window,  4 feet  wide 
by  3 feet  high,  over  the  door  in  the  lower  story ; in  the  west  and 
east  walls,  for  the  same  number  of  windows  as  in  the  lower  story, 
immediately  above  them,  and  of  the  same  breadth,  but  only  3 
feet  instead  of  4 feet  high  ; and  for  a door,  in  the  south  wall 
communicating  with  the  granary  (above  the  straw  barn),  4 feet 
wide  by  the  height  of  the  wall.  The  openings  in  the  external 
walls  to  have  dressed  stone  heads  1 foot  deep  and  9 inches  thick ; 
those  for  the  windows  to  have  cills,  also  of  the  same,  6 inches 
deep  by  9 inches  thick  ; the  doorway  of  the  lower  floor  in  the 
north  wall  to  have  a cill  or  step  of  stone,  and  the  apertures  for 
both  doors  and  windows  to  have  lintels  of  Christiania  deal  or 
English  oak.  The  floor  of  the  lower  story  may  either  be  dressed 
flags,  concrete  (to  be  described  in  the  Appendix  B),  or  boarded 
with  Norway  battens  slit  into  half  their  thickness,  and  laid  upon 
sleepers  of  battens  on  edge  at  6 feet  apart.  All  the  materials 
just  mentioned  are  well  adapted  for  the  purpose,  and  perhaps  of 
nearly  equal  cost ; and  that,  therefore,  will  be  preferred  which 
can  most  easily  be  obtained.  The  floor  of  the  upper  story  to  be 
of  Norway  battens  slit  into  half  their  thickness,  laid  upon  joists 
of  9-inch  Christiania  deals,  18  inches  apart,  from  centre  to  centre, 
and  resting  on  a wall  plate  of  9-inch  deal.  The  principal  rafters 
of  the  roof,  with  the  tie-beam,  to  be  formed  of  Norway  battens; 
the  ridge  and  hip  pieces  of  half  thickness  of  batten  ; the  purlines 
and  small  rafters  to  be  of  one-third  breadth  of  batten;  and  the 
wall  plate  of  the  upper  story  to  be  9-inch  deal.  The  principal 
rafters  to  be  not  more  than  10  feet  apart,  the  small  rafters  18 
inches  apart,  from  centre  to  centre.  The  roof  to  be  covered  with 
blue  slate  upon  laths,  cut  out  of  Christiania  deal,  1|  inch  broad 
by  f inch  thick  ; and  the  ridge  and  hips  to  be  furnished  with 
stone  ridging.  The  communication  between  the  lower  and 
upper  story  to  be  by  means  of  a fixed  step  ladder,  2 feet  9 inches 
wide,  furnished  with  a hand-rail,  in  the  position  shown  on  the 
plan,  through  a hatch  in  the  floor  of  the  upper  story,  3 feet  wide 
by  5 feet  long. 
As  the  fittings  of  this  and  the  buildings  next  to  be  described 
will  be  alike,  it  will  be  as  well  to  defer  the  specification  of  them 
until  after  treating — 
Of  the  Straw-barn  arid  Granary  (for  plan,  vide  Plate  I.  No.  2, 
for  elevation,  vide  Plate  II.). — Necessarily,  in  immediate  con- 
nexion with  the  purposes  of  the  barn,  are  those  of  the  straw-barn 
and  granary  ; which  accommodations  of  the  farmery  form,  in  the 
plan  referred  to,  the  lower  and  upper  story  of  a building  under 
the  same  level  of  ridge  of  roof,  adjoining  at  a right  angle  to  that 
for  which  a specification  has  been  given,  and  which  occupies  a 
