On  the  Construction  of  Farm- Buildings. 
23  7 
space  behind  the  horses  of  6 feet  8 inches,  or  5 feet  8 inches, 
according  as  the  wall  may  be  of  brick  or  stone,  with  a declivity 
from  the  front  backwards  of  2 to  3 inches  in  their  length  of  9 
feet,  behind  which  there  should  be  a channel  running  the  length 
of  the  stable,  furnished  with  a cast-iron  grate  to  each  stall, 
through  which  the  urine  may  pass  into  a covered  drain  below, 
and  conveyed  from  the  building  by  means  of  an  earthenware 
socket-pipe  to  the  liquid  manure-tank  (No.  15).  In  order  to 
prevent  the  horses  from  injuring  each  other  by  kicking  or  biting, 
the  stalls  should  be  sepai'ated  by  a close  partition  in  the  whole  of 
their  length,  which  should  be  at  least  6 feet  high  at  the  head,  and 
5 feet  high  at  the  lower  end  of  the  stall.  The  partitions  spoken 
of  may  be  formed  of  Norway  battens,  slit  into  half  their  thickness, 
clamped  together  by  stuff  of  the  same  thickness  at  the  top,  the 
middle,  and  the  bottom,  fastened  by  a wooden  pin  through  each 
upright  batten,  and  held  at  the  lower  end  of  the  stall  by  a hollow 
cast-iron  pillar  5^  feet  high  and  6 inches  external  diameter,  set 
with  a square  flange  into  a plugged  block  of  stone;  the  pillar 
being  furnished  with  flanges  forming  grooves  to  receive  the  ends 
of  the  cross-battens  or  rails,  which  should  be  secured  therein  by 
means  of  pins  passing  through  holes  drilled  in  the  flanges  for 
the  purpose.  The  accompanying  figure  will  perhaps  assist  in 
conveying  an  exact  idea  of  what  is  described  respecting  the  stalls. 
The  mangers  and  racks  are  best  of  iron : those  adopted  by 
Mr.  Laycock  in  his  farm-buildings  at  Lintz,  of  which  a plan  and 
elevations  have  been  previously  referred  to,  are  to  be  highly  re- 
commended for  the  purpose,  and  consist  of  a cast-iron  rod  about 
1^  inch  diameter,  forming  the  top  part  of  the  manger,  which  is  in 
the  mid-width  of  the  stall,  and  extending  from  the  front  of  the 
