Oil  the  Construction  of  Farm-Buildings.  277 
falling  immediately  into  the  winnowing-machine  under,  from 
whence  it  issues  ready  for  sacking. 
The  turnip-cutting  machine  may  also  be  worked  from  a conti- 
nuation of  the  fly-wheel  axle  in  the  opposite  direction.  From  the 
fly-wheel  itself,  by  a band,  motion  will  be  communicated  to  the 
chaff-machine  which  is  over  the  hull-house,  to  the  grinding-mills 
which  are  over  the  grist-house,  and  in  that  room  to  the  bolting 
apparatus.  Over  the  engine  is  to  be  placed  a large  tank  for  the 
supply  of  the  boiler,  and  the  water  in  this  tank  we  propose  to 
heat  by  the  steam  that  is  blown  off,  and  also  by  taking  the  boiler- 
flue  round  it,  so  that  the  water  passing  into  the  boiler  will  be  hot 
before  entering  it.  This  tank  will  be  filled  by  the  engine,  and 
if  always  kept  full  offers  a ready  means,  by  connecting  a hose  with 
it,  of  extinguishing  a fire  in  its  commencement  either  in  the  rick- 
yard  or  buildings.  The  engine  itself,  so  soon  as  it  can  be  got 
into  action,  would  of  course  be  applied  as  a fire-engine,  and  this 
advantage  may  be  considered  to  meet  any  objection  that  may  be 
raised  that  the  proximity  of  the  ricks  to  each  other  might  render 
a fire  more  destructive. 
It  must  be  very  desirable  that  the  farm-buildings,  as  well  as 
the  rick-yards,  should  be  constantly  under  the  watchful  care  of 
the  yardman,  and  we  propose  that  his  cottage  should  be  so  placed 
as  to  command  the  whole  of  the  rick-yard  and  the  farm-buildings ; 
a position  at  the  east  angle  of  the  buildings  will  effect  both  these 
objects  to  the  manifest  advantage  of  the  stock  and  the  security  of 
the  ricks  and  buildings  from  damage  by  fire,  whether  occasioned 
by  accident  or  design  ; and  there  would  be  this  additional  advan- 
tage in  a cottage  so  situated — that  of  economising  the  time  and 
labour  of  the  overlooker.  The  drawing  of  the  points  of  the  com- 
pass on  our  plan  will  be  about  the  spot  for  such  a cottage.  We 
have  shown  these  points  of  the  compass  to  indicate  the  position  the 
buildings  should  be  placed  in  ; aspect  should  never  be  neglected 
in  any  building,  and  it  is  very  desirable  that  the  north  and  south 
line  should  pass  diagonally  through  the  buildings,  every  part  of 
which  would  thus  secure  the  sun’s  rays  during  some  portion  of  the 
day,  whenever  the  sun  may  think  proper  to  shine.  Under  the 
engine-house  we  propose  forming  a tank  of  rain-water  which 
would  be  filled  from  the  roofs  of  the  barn,  sheds,  and  cattle- 
boxes  : this  water  would  be  desirable  for  the  cattle,  would  give 
the  engine  less  work  in  pumping,  and  would  also  be  useful  in 
case  of  fire. 
As  before  stated,  the  railroad  has  a fall  of  18  inches  from  its 
points  of  commencement  in  the  rick-yard  to  the  dung-pit,  where 
it  terminates.  We  will  suppose  it  is  employed  for  taking  in  the 
ricks  ; the  truck  will  then  enter  the  barn  and  deposit  its  load  in 
the  right-hand  compartment  of  the  barn,  or  the  corn  may,  if 
