Field  Implements.  39 7 
Old  system. 
£.  s.  d. 
3 waggons,  at  35 1 105  0 0 
4 3-horse  dung-carts,  at  14/ 56  0 0 
.161  0 0 
New  system. 
£.  s.  d. 
5  one-horse  carts  at  11/.  10s 57  10  0 
so  that  the  new  plan  costs  but  one-third  of  the  old  fashioned  out- 
lay. The  carts  are  Busby’s  prize  carts,  suited  for  all  purposes : 
easy  for  the  horse,  as  the  wheels  are  rightly  made,  easy  for  the 
labourer,  as  they  are  much  lower  than  other  carts,  and  wonderfully 
cheap,  as  they  cost  but  11/.  10s.,  while  for  my  own  I paid  18/.  18s. 
a few  years  ago.  Here,  indeed,  since  farmers  have  compared  the 
two  systems,  no  one  buys  waggons  in  stocking  a farm  ; but  those 
who  have  waggons  do  not  like  to  buy  a new  set  of  carts.  I should 
say  they  had  better  sell  their  waggons  while  they  can,  and  if 
they  cannot,  make  a bonfire  of  them.  To  use  them  still,  is  like 
running  a stage-coach  in  these  days  between  London  and  Bath. 
Altogether  we  must  admit,  that  though  thousands  of  new  imple- 
ments are  sold  every  year,  the  farmers  in  some  counties  are 
tardy  in  enlarging  the  old  circle  of  plough,  harrow,  and  wooden 
roller.  There  is  Crossbill's  clod-crusher,  which  reduces,  as  its 
name  imports,  cloddy  land.  Sometimes  a field  is  kneaded  by 
sheep  on  turnips  in  wet  weather,  and  ploughs  up  in  brickbats, 
among  which  barley  cannot  be  sown.  I have  seen  women  em- 
ployed to  break  them  with  sticks.  A clod-crusher  would  do  it 
at  once,  costs  but  twenty  pounds,  and  lasts  for  ever.  It  is  the 
best  presser  for  a honey-combed  wheat-field  in  spring,  as  the 
dints  from  its  teeth,  like  the  footmarks  of  sheep,  stop  the  course 
of  the  wdre-worm.  A grubber  too,  such  as  Biddle’s,  or  the  Uley 
cultivator,  covers  with  its  tines  the  width  of  8 ploughs,  requires 
but  6 horses  instead  of  16,  and  on  some  occasions  does  the  work 
as  well  or  better.  Drills  are  become  pretty  common  in  farmers’ 
hands ; they  are  greatly  improved,  and  perhaps  the  only  im- 
provement still  required  in  them  is  a reduction  of  price.  Among 
these,  the  most  striking  novelty  is  Chandler’s  water-drill,*  which 
bids  fair  to  remedy  a great  evil  for  southern  farmers.  Often 
when  our  land  in  July  is  ready  for  the  turnip-seed,  on  the  success 
of  which  depends  our  flock’s  subsistence  in  winter,  that  land  is  as 
dry  and  dusty  as  a turnpike  road.  We  watch  vainly  every  cloud 
and  in  vain  set  our  weather  glass.  Weeks  pass  without  rain,  or 
worse  still,  a shower  falls,  but  we  find  that  the  rain  has  not 
entered  the  ground.  This  drill,  however,  deposits  along  each 
* 
2 D 
VOL.  XI. 
See  commendations  in  Implement  Report. 
