4 34  Report  on  the  Exhibition  of  Implements 
exposed  to  the  atmosphere,  sun,  &c.,  than  at  any  other  angle. 
The  “Criterion”  was  awarded  the  prize  in  consequence  of  its 
having  more  nearly  accomplished  the  requisite  performances  than 
any  of  its  competitors. 
The  judges  “highly  commended”  a plough  in  this  class  ex- 
hibited by  the  manufacturer,  Mr.  Busby,  of  Bedale,  the  soil  being 
clearly  cut  and  well  turned,  but  from  the  situation  in  the  field 
it  did  not  maintain  its  position,  falling  in  small  pieces  into  the 
furrow,  which  was  solely  attributed,  not  to  defect  in  the  plough, 
but  to  unnatural  freedom  of  the  soil  in  that  part  of  the  field. 
Ploughs  best  adapted  for  deep  ploughing. — The  trial  ground 
was  exceedingly  favourable,  of  a strong  loam,  subsoil  clay  ; in 
this  class  thirteen  were  set  to  work,  with  instructions  to  turn  a 
lurrow  slice  of  not  less  than  9 inches  in  depth,  leaving  the  width 
to  the  discretion  of  the  exhibitors  or  their  ploughmen ; after  a 
few  rounds  the  J.  A.  of  J.  Howard  and  Son,  of  Bedford,  show  ed 
its  work  to  be  superior,  not  only  in  turning  the  furrow  slice  in  a 
complete  and  satisfactory  manner,  but  in  placing  it  in  a proper 
position  (as  before  mentioned),  cutting  out  the  furrow  square, 
clean,  and  perfectly  level. 
Mr.  Hensman's  (No.  2)  plough  deserved  commendation, 
having  made  fair  work,  cutting  very  cleanly,  and  removing  the 
soil  better  than  might  have  been  anticipated  from  the  shortness 
of  its  mould-board  or  furrow-turner,  which,  had  it  been  a little 
longer,  would  have  been  a formidable  competitor  against  the 
J.  A.  of  Howard  and  Son. 
The  G.  D.  plough  exhibited  by  Mr.  Williams,  of  Bedford, 
accomplished  its  work  apparently  well,  in  turning  and  laying  the 
soil  smoothly  and  evenly,  but  on  closer  examination  the  work  was 
evidently  inefficient,  the  furrow-slice  being  forced  or  squeezed 
over  rather  than  taken  up  and  relaid  in  a right  position,  w'hich 
was  the  more  objectionable  in  an  implement  of  such  magnitude  ; 
the  judges  considered  that  a plough  of  such  unusual  size  is  not 
generally  useful , and  they  recommend  that  no  plough  should 
exceed  from  20  to  22  stones,  however  deep  it  may  be  required 
to  plough,  and  would  advise  the  use  of  the  “ subsoil  ” plough 
when  a greater  depth  is  desired. 
Turnwrest  ploughs — Nine  One-way  or  Turnwrest  ploughs 
were  tried  separately  under  the  most  minute  inspection,  particular 
attention  being  paid  to  the  requisite  alteration  at  each  end  in 
turning,  and  the  time  occupied  in  such  alteration ; the  decision 
was  clear  in  favour  of  the  well  known  plough  invented  by  Mr. 
Lowcock,  of  Thorverston,  which  the  judges  consider  next  to  per- 
fection for  ploughing  hilly  ground,  and  are  of  opinion  that  where 
such  land  is  cultivated,  being  inaccessible  up  or  down  the  hill, 
the  turnwrest  is  invaluable,  or  even  indispensable ; the  only  al- 
teration in  Mr,  Lowcock’s  plough,  after  arriving  at  the  end,  in 
