Report  on  the  Exhibition  of  Implements 
458 
much  resembled  the  letter  D,  which  is  proved  to  be  better  calcu- 
lated to  cut  weeds  and  roots  than  the  triangular  one : the  little 
Norwegian  harrow  attached  to  it  is  serviceable.  Edward  Hill,  of 
Brierley  Hill,  Stafford,  exhibited  a good  mode  of  expansion  and 
contraction  in  his  horse-hoe,  so  that  the  implement  can  be  altered 
at  pleasure  when  in  motion  by  a scissor  action,  which  is  given  by 
the  handles ; lor  which  invention  a silver  medal  was  awarded. 
The  judges  “commended”  Garrett’s  ridge-hoe,  as  it  cut  the 
weeds  and  worked  with  accuracy,  but  small  hoes  are  preferable. 
Horse  Seecl-Dibblers. — Mr.  Newberry’s  was  the  only  one  of  this 
kind  exhibited,  and  from  the  very  high  price  of  the  implement 
compared  to  its  utility,  the  prize  was  withheld. 
Barrow  Hand- Drill. — One  of  Mr.  Garrett’s  was  (amongst 
the  few  selected  for  trial)  a superior  machine,  calculated  to  work 
on  the  ridge  or  flat,  drdling  the  seeds  at  from  16  to  30  inches 
intervals.  The  construction  and  workmanship  make  it  one  of 
the  best  little  machines  of  its  kind  yet  produced,  and  one  of  great 
utility  to  the  small  farmer. 
Norwegian  Harrows. — The  ground  on  which  the  four  selected 
for  trial  were  well  tested  was  a strong  h:ird-baked  clay,  on  which 
grubbers  had  previously  been  used.  From  the  state  of  the  land, 
the  strength  as  well  as  the  capabilities  of  the  implements  were 
fairly  proved.  Three  of  these  were  on  a square  spindle,  the 
whole  of  the  rowels  revolving  at  one  time,  which  was  of  great 
service  in  breaking  the  clods  more  effectually  than  that  on  the 
round  spindle  exhibited  by  Mr.  Crosskill,  but  for  the  liability  to 
breakage  or  derangement,  to  which  the  former  are  subject,  par- 
ticularly in  stony  land,  from  stones  being  seized  by  the  rowels,  in 
which  case  something  must  yield  or  break,  or  the  rotary  motion 
of  the  whole  line  of  rowels  cease  and  push  the  clods  before  them 
instead  of  breaking  them,  which  is  obviated  in  the  round  spindle. 
For  this  reason  it  is  preferable;  and  although  no  prize  is  offered 
by  the  Society,  the  judges  “highly  commended”  the  one  ex- 
hibited by  the  manufacturer,  Mr.  Crosskill.* 
Clod- Crushers. — Although  no  prize  was  offered  for  this  class 
of  implement,  two  were  put  to  trial — one,  manufactured  by 
Messrs.  Tuxford,  of  Boston,  Lincolnshire;  the  other,  by  Mr. 
Crosskill  of  Beverley.  The  former  appeared  to  have  the  advan- 
tage in  pulverising  an  uneven  surface,  furrow  sides,  &c.  ;f  but, 
* On  very  tough,  hard  ground  the  Norwegian  harrow  is  more  effectual : it  tosses  or 
lightens  up  the  clods  better  in  breaking  them,  particularly  if  they  are  not  quite  dry, 
and  does  its  work  quicker  than  the  clod-crusher,  which  seems  best  calculated  for  fol- 
lowing the  Norwegian  harrow  in  such  a state  of  the  soil,  and  for  rolling  young  crops. 
— Dudi  f.y  Pelham. 
t This  implement  is  of  peculiar  construction,  being,  as  the  exhibitor  termed  it,  ver- 
tebral or  jointed  ; in  place  of  having  an  ordinary  spindle,  the  rings  are  so  connected  as 
to  work  independently,  and  to  rise  or  fall  with  the  undulation  of  the  land,  weighted 
levers  being  superadded  to  guard  against  the  obvious  tendency  of  such  an  arr  angement, 
viz.,  failing  to  crush  the  obstacles  it  meets  with. — Dudley  Pelham. 
