On  the  Cost  of  Agricultural  Buildings. 
561 
corn  at  one  time ; the  security  from  wet  weather  in  getting  the 
corn  from  the  stacks  to  the  threshing-machine  or  barn ; the  se- 
curity from  the  ravages  of  vermin ; and  the  prevention  of  waste 
occasioned  by  throwing  corn  from  off  the  stacks  on  to  carts  or 
waggons,  prior  to  conveying  it  to  the  barn,  are  important  con- 
siderations. 
In  the  stable  all  the  horses  stand  in  stalls,  and  behind  the 
stalls  are  recesses  for  containing  the  harness  in  daily  use.  By  the 
use  of  these  recesses,  which  are  enclosed,  the  harness  is  preserved 
from  the  injurious  effects  of  ammonia ; and  by  being  directly  be- 
hind the  horses,  the  carters  will  not  in  all  probability  be  too  idle 
to  hang  the  harness  in  them ; but  if  they  were  placed  a short 
distance  from  the  stalls,  the  harness  would  most  likely  be  thrown 
down  anywhere. 
The  strong  black  lines  in  the  stables  indicate  the  drains,  which 
have  gratings  over  them,  and  stench-traps  attached  to  prevent  the 
escape  of  noxious  gases.  The  urine  from  the  horses  is  conveyed 
by  these  drains  to  the  liquid-manure  tank. 
The  piggerg  is  on  rather  an  extensive  scale,  it  being  intended 
to  fatten  from  100  to  200  pigs  atone  time.  The  food  is  conveyed 
from  the  boiling-house  along  a tramway  in  a truck,  whence  the 
solid  food  is  carried  by  hand  up  the  passages  on  each  side  of  the 
tramway  to  the  feeding-troughs ; the  liquid  portion  is  conveyed 
along  the  tramway  in  a similar  manner,  but  conveyed  to  the  feed- 
ing-troughs by  a hose  attached  to  the  liquid-food  truck,  thereby 
giving  greater  facility  for  and  economy  in  feeding.  The  strong 
black  lines  show  the  system  of  drainage  adopted  in  these  build- 
ings. The  drains  lead  to  tanks,  which  are  indicated  by  dotted 
lines  on  the  plan,  and  marked  thus  : * 
The  sheep  while  fattening  are  kept  in  boxes  on  sparred  floors, 
and  beneath  the  floors  powdered  gypsum,  charcoal,  burnt  clay, 
or  some  such  substance,  is  placed  for  the  purpose  of  securing  the 
urine,  fixing  the  ammonia,  and  housing  the  solid  manure. 
The  calves  stand  on  boarded  and  perforated  floors,  in  which 
divisions  are  formed  ; these  are  removable,  so  that  they  may  be 
lifted  up,  and  the  animal  excrement  taken  away.  The  urine  is 
conveyed  from  the  pens  by  a drain  to  the  liquid-manure  tank, 
adjoining  the  calf-house.  The  calves  are  sufficiently  near  to  the 
cow-shed  for  facility  in  suckling,  and  far  enough  away  to  prevent 
uneasiness  in  the  cows  by  their  bleating.  A boarded  and  per- 
forated floor  is  here  used,  in  preference  to  a sparred  floor. 
When  the  latter  is  used,  the  sharpness  of  the  calves’  hoofs  comes 
in  contact  with  the  edges  of  the  spars  of  which  the  floor  is  formed, 
and  cuts  the  straw  in  pieces,  consequently  a great  portion  of  it  is 
wasted. 
The  mode  of  warming  the  poultry-houses  for  inducing  early 
