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Our  Canaries 
cross.  The  Cinnamon  that  is  indicated  is  the  one  that  occasionally  comes  as  a 
sport  from  pure  Greens  as  is  pointed  out  in  Mr.  Metcalfe's  notes.  "  If  you  want  a 
good  start,"  writes  Mr.  Helliwell,  "  purchase  two  pairs  of  well-bred  stock  birds. 
No.  I  pair  a  self-yellow  cock  and  a  buff  hen  slightly  foul  in  wings  or  tail.  Both 
must  be  pure  green  bred,  and  the  cock  exceptionally  good  in  colour,  but  a  little 
allowance  as  regards  colour  may  be  given  the  hen.  Have  type  in  the  hen,  and 
good  feather  and  pencilling,  medium  size  and  good  position ;  and  as  much  size  as 
possible  in  the  cock,  with  other  Yorkshire  properties.  No.  2  pair  a  foul  wing  or 
tailed  buff  cock — or  otherwise  foul  green  to  predominate — as  big  as  possible,  with 
all-round  Yorkshire  properties,  and  a  good,  big,  yellow  Cinnamon  hen — self  or 
foul  will  do,  but  it  must  be  pure  green  and  green-bred.  This  is  to  produce  the 
ground  colour.  These  hens  we  call  sports,  and  it  is  not  often  they  crop  up  in  a 
stock  of  pure-bred  Greens.  Cinnamon  cocks  are  of  no  use  in  Green  breeding,  the 
progeny  being  too  bronzy  and  lacking  in  ground  colour. 
HENS  FROM  DOUBLE-BUFFING. 
"  I  believe  in  double-buffing  for  hen  breeding  providing  you  have  suitable 
buffs  to  pair  together.  The  buff  cocks  from  this  mating  are  of  no  use.  They 
must  be  very  snaky  birds  to  double-buff  with,  not  short-barrelled,  and  with  good 
flights  and  plenty  of  leg,  and  must  both  be  selfs,  or  fouls  bred  from  selfs, 
and  short-feathered  birds.  If  you  can  get  a  third  pair  at  the  beginning  have 
Belgian  blood  in  your  room.  As  regards  this  get  the  pure  Belgian  cross.  They 
will  have  good  wing  carriage  and  be  very  narrow  birds — this  is  the  type  of  bird 
you  require.  When  infusing  Belgian  blood  into  your  stock  do  it  from  ^,  |,  or  J 
bred  birds  on  the  male  side,  using  as  big  a  bird  as  possible.  Working  from  the 
hen's  side  I  find  they  are  too  fine  in  bone  to  increase  size  which  is  what  you 
require.  Pair  the  Belgian  cross  to  big  bred  birds  with  plenty  of  frame  and  well 
filled-in,  and  two  years  old.  By  this  method  I  have  produced  some  grand  birds 
which  have  gained  high  honours  at  leading  shows,  including  the  Crystal  Palace. 
I  bred  and  exhibited  the  two  Champion  foul  yellows  of  the  season  1906-7. 
These  were  bred  from  ^  bred  birds  from  a  variegated  yellow  cock,  bred  the  same 
way  as  No.  3  pair,  mated  to  a  self-buff  hen  ^  bred  Green  and  Green  and  double- 
buffed." 
BREEDING  NORWICH  GREENS. 
Dealing  with  this  variety  Mr.  V.  H.  Deacon,  of  Liverpool,  says  : — "  In  breed- 
ing Norwich  Greens  the  first  point  is  the  question  of  colour,  which,  according  to 
the  Green  Canary  Association  standard,  counts  35  points.  I  have  invariably 
found  you  will  get  good  yellow-greens  from  one  pair  and  good  buff-greens  from 
another,  but  very  rarely  will  you  get  good  yellows  and  good  buffs  from  the  same 
pair,  so  far  as  colour  is  concerned.  All  my  winning  yellow-greens  have  originated 
from  a  self-yellow  and  green  cock  which  had  been  bred  from  a  double-yellow  Cinna- 
mon cock,  and  a  dark-eyed  clear  buff  hen  ;  and  for  colour  properties  I  consider 
