NATURAL SCIENCES OF PHILADELPHIA. 
167 
Notes upon various New Genera and New Species of FISHES, in the Museum 
of the Smithsonian Institution, and collected in connection with the United 
States and Mexican Boundary Survey : Major William Emory, Commissioner. 
BY CHARLES GiRARD, M. D. 
1. Amblodokt neglectus. — Profile sloping evenly from the occiput to the 
snout. Posterior extremity of maxillar bone extending to a vertical line 
intersecting the middle of the pupil. Extremities of ventrals projecting some- 
what beyond those of the ventrals, and reaching the vent. Second anal spine 
very stout. Caudal posteriorly convex. 
Log. — Common in the Province of Tamaulipas ; were first collected by L. 
Berlandier. Specimens were also procured at the mouth of the Rio Grande 
del Norte (Rio Bravo), by John H. Clark, under Major Emory. 
2. Umbrina PHAL.ENA. — Head somewhat less than the fourth of the total 
length. Preopercular spines inconspicuous. Posterior extremity of maxillary 
even with a line drawn across the anterior rim of the pupil. Outer row of 
premaxillar teeth very conspicuous. Origin of ventrals placed opposite the 
third dorsal spiny ray ; origin of anal situated under the eighth articulated 
ray of the dorsal. Caudal fin slightly concave posteriorly. 
Log. — Specimens were collected at Indianola, Texas, by John H. Clark, 
under Col. J. D. Graham, and at Brazos Santiago, Texas, by Gr. Wurdemann^ 
I. ORTHOPRISTIS.— Mouth small ; upper and lower jaws provided with small, 
conical teeth. Edge of preopercle nearly straight and finely serrated. Spinous 
portion of dorsal fin continuous with the soft, constituting one uninterrupted 
fin. Three small spiny rays at the anterior margin of the anal, increasing in 
size from the first to the third. 
3. Orthopristis duplex. — Body somewhat elongated, subfusiform in its out- 
line. Head forming the fourth of the total length ; snout subconical ; mouth 
small, and slightly protractile, with its gape somewhat oblique. Posterior 
extremity of maxillary bnne even with a vertical line drawn immediately in 
advance of the anterior nasal aperture. Preopercular spines very small, short, 
acute. Origin of dorsal fin situated opposite the branchial apertures, hence 
in advance of the base of the pectorals. 
Log. — Specimens were collected at Indianola, Texas, by John H. Clark, 
under Col. J. D. Graham ; and at Brazos Santiago, Texas, by G. Wurdemann. 
n. NEOM^NIS. — Mouth large, not very protractile ; jaws equal. Velvet-like 
teeth along the middle and front of the vomer, along the palatines and jaws, 
the latter exhibiting an exterior row of large, acute and conical teeth ; whilst 
two canine-like, still larger, exist at the extremity of the upper jaw. Tongue 
smooth and toothless. Edge of preopercle finely serrated. Gill apertures 
continuous under the throat ; branchial rays seven. One continuous dorsal 
fin. Caudal posteriorly subtruncated or submarginated. Three spiny rays 
at the anterior margin of the anal. 
The type of this genus is Lobotes emarginatus, B. & G., in Ninth Ann. Rep. 
Smithsonian Institution (1854), 1855, 332. 
4. PoLYNEMUs oGTONEMus. — May be distinguished from all its congeners by 
the presence of eight thoracic filaments, the tip of the longest of which extend- 
ing beyond the origin of the anal fin. 
Log. — Adult specimens were obtained at Brazos Santiago, Texas, by G. Wur- 
demann ; and young ones at Galveston, Texas, by Dr. C. B. Keunerly, under 
Lt. A. W. Whipple. 
5. MuGiL BERLANDiERi. — The anterior third of the dorsal and anal fins, 
the base of the pectorals, and the caudal almost entirely, are protected by 
small scales. Forty to forty-two scales may be counted from the branchial 
aperture to the base of the caudal, and fourteen longitudinal series across the 
line of the greatest depth. 
1858.] 
