156 
UPHILL BONE-CAVES, 
Another interesting point connested with the Uphill 
€aves to which Mr. Day, and after him Prof. Boyd Dawkins 
refers, relates to the existence of the pipe or chimney passing 
between the upper and lower caves. The upper opening of this 
passage was at first blocked with masses of limestone wedged 
together in such a manner as to form the floor of the hyaena 
den above, and it was resting on this floor that the remains 
of the extinct animals were found. The blocks were removed by 
the first explorers of the cave, and it was by way of the chimney 
that the lower cave was first entered, the outer entry beneath 
the " head " being discovered subsequently. Had the barrier 
of blocks given way the remains of the extinct mammals would 
have fallen into the lower cave and would have been found 
resting on deposits containing human remains and those of 
animals of the historic period. Such a simple case of false 
superposition might not have misled a careful observer, but 
had the sea at the same time had access to the lower cave 
the entire contents, ancient and modern, might have been 
disturbed, washed about, and intermingled in such a way as 
to completely conceal the true history of the mass. Prof. 
Boyd Dawkins says that this is probably what has happened 
at a spot in Kent's Cavern, Torquay, where teeth of Machair- 
odus a Pliocene form, were found associated with remains of 
Pleistocene mammals. 
Of the two caves hitherto referred to, the upper one has 
been destroyed by quarrying operations, while part of the 
lower one has been closed in by a door, and is now used as a 
storehouse for blasting material. 
In the early part of 1898 other ossiferous fissures were dis- 
covered at Uphill, and were examined by the late Mr. Edward 
Wilson on behalf of the Bristol Museum. Mr. Wilson's 
lamented death took place while the work was yet in progress. 
The following account is based on notes left by him. 
The rock in which the quarry is opened is a compact grey 
limestone, generally massively bedded and with scarcely any 
