THE SOIJSNTIiST. 
67 
real Chinese ink can be had of a Chinese a worn one. The sable bi ush, in hands 
^urio merchant for 25 to 35 cts. It will accustomed to it, is almost the best of all 
last one man for a year at steady work, outlining tools. I have seen fine pen draw- 
and is better adapted to our work than a ings, (excuse the bull) done throughout 
stick of Windsor and Newton ink costing with a red sable brush and ink. If drawing 
$3.00. The best way to prepare it is by for newspaper or similar printing, do not 
rubbing up in an ink well-slab of the shade much. These and ordinary book il- 
usual form, until quite thick or syrupy, lustrations can be made twice the size of 
This may be ascertained by tilting the , intended cut each way. The book illus- 
saucer slightly and observing carefully tration can receive fuller shading. Fine 
the sediment tliafc remains after replac- work for good printing should be two 
ingit. If enough of the fluid remains and one-half or three times the size of 
upon the side to entirely obscure the intended cut in each dimension. It is 
color of the vessel, even when blown well to form the habit of shading 
upon with some force, it is suf- with from twenty-five to forty lines to 
ciently thick for use; but care the inch. Then if a finer cut is desired 
should be taken to avoid getting it so increase the scale of drawing, 
thick that it will clog the pen or refuse 
to run freely from the nib, A brilliant 
engraving, with sharp, regular lines, can- 
not be expected from pale ink or rougli 
paper. Pale black or yellow-brown or 
bluish lines will inevitably come out 
weak or broken an<l ragged in the en- 
graved plate. All lines, therefore, should 
be perfectly black — but not necessarily 
coarse or heavy. Lines may be very fine, All preliminary sketching should be 
but they must be black. In producing with a pale blue pencil, as blue is photo- 
shades of color it is not always neces. graphically inactive and photographs 
sary to strengthen the lines. Beautiful white. If this is delicately done the draw- 
gradations are sometimes produced by ing can then be inked in on top of the 
widening or narrowing the spaces be- sketch itself without retracing. If the 
tweei^ very fine lines. subject is complicated, or it is desired to 
Water color lamp black, rubbed up trace (calk) from a photograph, prepare 
with a small addition of burnt sienna, a sheet of transfer paper by rubbing a 
makes an excellent ink for the photo-en- sheet of ordinary tracing paper, or strong 
graver. Those who wish to use a ready white tissue, thoroughly with finely pow- 
prepared liquid India ink will find the dered dry cobalt or prussian blue, using a 
American makes, Higgins' and Turck's rag, and at last rubbing off all loose pow- 
better than any thing imported. der. Lay this under a rough sketch or 
Pens. the photo, blue side next to the card 
8teel pens are always best, making board and calk down, using just enough 
smoother, finer and more even lines than pressure to produce fine lines. A com- 
any others. From long experience most mon crochet or darning needle, slightly 
trade draughtsmen greatly prefer Gil- blunted, makes a good tracer. Always 
lott's, Nos. 303, 170 & 290. A pen is worn leave a wide margin, one to two inches, 
out at the end of one or two day's work all round the drawings, 
and should be thrown away. If coarse Salted Prints . 
lines are desired, use a coarse pen but not Many 'draughtsmen when making draw- 
