ROOT GRAFTS 
Ever since the Mount Arbor Nurseries were established in 1875, growing Apple Seed- 
lings, Apple Trees and making Apple Grafts for the trade and our own planting has been 
one of our specialties. For this work we employ only skilled labor and select the best of 
material. We use Orchard Scions as far as possible and vigorous healthy Seedlings, care- 
fully selected when grading our blocks of Seedlings. 
All Grafts are carefully assorted and only the best of material used in orders, so that 
customers can depend on getting a first-class article. Orders should be placed early to 
secure the best selection of varieties and to give the Grafts ample time to callous before 
shipment. After our Grafts are made they are tied in bundles of 100, each bunch care- 
fully labeled and packed away to callous. 
Our Piece-Root Grafts are made with a six-inch Scion and three and one-half inch 
Root, the same style that we make largely for our own planting. For Whole-Root Grafts 
we use the entire Seedling, either a straight or branched root as the customer may select. 
Any style of Graft made to order. 
WHOLE ROOT GRAFTS 
Some of our customers get best results from planting Whole Root Grafts, which are 
made with a Scion about six inches in length and a branched or straight Seedling. We 
recommend a strong branched Seedling as it will usually give the best results. One cus- 
tomer advises his Whole Root Grafts put up on heavy branched Seedlings made 8 to 12 
inches more growth than the Piece Root Grafts under the same conditions. 
Grafts should be planted at the earliest date in the Spring the season will permit, in 
rows about three and one-half feet apart and seven to eight inches apart in the row. 
The ground should be plowed deep ( in the fall preferred) and well prepared before 
planting. 
Graft Wrapping- Machine 
We have installed five Graft Wrapping Machines run with electric motor for wrap- 
ping Grafts. We have been able to do much better wrapping of the union of the Grafts 
and are confident the continuous machine wrapping will materially reduce the percentage 
of crown gall, which frequently develops about the union of root and Scion in grafted 
Apple Trees. 
George G. Hedgcock, Pathologist of the U. S. Department of Agriculture, conducted 
extensive experiments in his "field studies of the crown gall and hairy root of the Apple 
Tree." (See Bulletin No. 186 Bureau of Plant Industry) and according to his experi- 
ments there was a diflference in percentage of crown gall of nineteen per cent, in favor of 
the continuous thread wrapping; aside from an increase in the stand of 10.2 per cent. 
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