MARKING THE FIELD 
13 
There are two good plans for laying out an orchard. First, the 
square plan that is generally used, in which a tree stands at the corner 
of the square. 
Second, the triangular plan, where the trees stand at the corners of a 
triangle, each being equally distant from the other trees around it. By this 
arrangement 15 per cent more trees can be set on an acre of ground than 
by the square method, and the ground can be worked in three different 
directions, which is often an advantage where irrigation is practiced. 
Measuring Wire ^ ^^^^ should be used in measuring the ground, as it 
does not stretch. Wherever possible a surveyor's 
chain is used. A corn planter wire can be used to good advantage. 
Smooth fence wire can be used if the distances are marked on it. This 
can be done by patches of solder placed at the exact distance between the 
rows of trees or vines, or, if the wire is going to be used only a short 
time, the distance can be marked by filing a notch. 
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Square Plan. 
This Is the plan generally 
used. The permanent trees 
are set in the circles marked 
"A." The fillers can be set 
In the squares. When the 
permanent trees are set 36 
teet apart, there will be 33 
permanent trees to the acre, 
and 99 bilers. (There are 
just three times as many 
fillers as permanent trees.) 
The tendency Is toward 
greater distances; 40 to 60 
It. apart lor some varieties, 
like Rhode Island Greening. 
Square Planting Flan. 
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6— — C4 D (A) 
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Triangular Plan. 
Make a triangle of three 
boards about 1 Inch thick 
and about 4 Inches wide, 
ol a length equal to the 
distance between the trees. 
These should be crossed at 
the ends so as to form a 
notch. Set the two corners 
of the triangle on the two 
stakes at the base line, and 
then, at the third corner, 
set a stake. Move the tri- 
angle over to the next stake 
until the second row has 
been laid out. Using each 
row as a base line, the 
entire field Is staked. 
Triangular Planting Plan. 
Measure and Sight Method 
This method is best adapted for general planting. It is easy and ac- 
curate. Lay off the four sides of the field. Measure the distances and 
locate the stakes that mark the ends of the rows all around the field. 
Then find the center of the base lino of one end of the field and run a row 
of stakes from this point to the corresponding point in the opposite end of 
