18 PROTECT THE ROOTS 
Remove all of the small thread-like roots. This is especially im- 
portant in the case of apple trees that are to be planted in certain sections 
of the Southwest where they have more or less trouble from root rot 
It has been thoroughly demonstrated by Professor J. C. Whitten, for- 
merly of the Missouri Experimental Station, that if the roots of apple 
trees are pruned right, they can be satisfactorily planted where an old 
tree has died from root rot. 
The rot gets into the sound roots through the small dead rootlets o"" 
injured roots. That is why they should be cut away clean. 
The roots of different classes of trees vary, but they are pruned in 
very much the same way. 
The trees are often carried In a barrel on a cart. There are several 
Inches of water In the barrel to keep the roots from drying out. If many 
trees are to be planted, several barrels can be carried In an ordinary farm 
wagon. 
The Planting Board 
Where a stake is set for each tree, a planting board is necessary. 
Above are illustrated two ways of making a planting board. "A" is 
made in the form of a cross, of 1x6 inch lumber, the longer board being 
four feet long, the shorter 3 feet. Note that one of the shorter ends 
is hinged and notched. In using this board, place the "notch" around 
your stake, press the spikes which are in the other three ends firmly 
into the ground; then turn the hinged part of the board back and dig 
the hole. When ready to set the tree, simply fold the hinged part back 
into the original position and set the tree in the notch. With board "B" 
it is necessary to drive a stake for each end of this board (it is 6 inches 
wide and 4 feet long) ; set the notch about the tree stake, place the end 
stakes or pegs, then remove the board until the hole is dug, after 
which replace the board and set the tree as explained with reference to 
"A." In using either "A" or "B," care should be used to hold the tree 
in proper position until the dirt is firmly placed about the roots. 
