life-history of Fericoma canescens (Psychodidse). 149 
Systematische Studien auf Grundlage der Dipteren- 
Larven, nebst einer Zusammenstellung von Beispielen 
aus der Literatur derselben and Beschreibung neuer 
Formen. On p. 20 the larvae of the Psychodidse are 
characterized as follows : — " Larve walzig, amphipneus- 
tisch^ das hintere Ende in eine karze meist fest chitini- 
sirte Athemrohre verlangert. Ober- and Unterkiefer 
am Grrunde verwachsen, theilweise zugleich beweglich. 
Augenflecke am Kopfe vorhanden. Am Ringe hinter 
dem Kopfe kein Fqss. Nymphe ruliend^ vorne mit zwei 
Ian gen athemrohrartig verlangerten Vorderstigmen, 
Athemhornern. Larve in Bachen und einige Arten in 
janchigem Wasser von Cloaken und Aborten/^ This is 
all that Brauer gives on this subject. 
This statement is incomplete, and contains a contradic- 
tion. The description of the larva with the chitinized 
tail merely refers to the larvae of Psychoda, in the 
narrower sense of Haliday. The alleged habitat '^run- 
ning and putrid waters/^ is applicable to the aquatic 
larvae of Pericoma only, which, as Haliday has shown, are 
provided with various forms of branchial and other 
appendages, adapted for aquatic life. Larvae of Psychodse 
are found in rotten mushrooms and potatoes. In another 
part of this work (p. 52), the necessary references are 
given, and among them, that to Walker's Ins. Brit. But 
no use is made of these references, except that the 
passage about Ulomyia (Walker, p. 261) is incorrectly 
translated. The erroneous statements of Bouche, Ferris, 
and Ginimerthal, are neither noticed nor criticized. The 
statement about P. Itumevalis, ^'^uach Haliday eine Peri- 
coma,'' is, as I have shown above (No. 11), based upon 
a lapsus calami on the part of Haliday. 
13. Lucas, H., Bull. Soc. Ent. de France, 1885, p. xliii, 
communicates some observations on P. jphalsenoides , 
which, in January of that year, appeared in large 
numbers in a privy. The larvae, before changing into 
pupae, crawled up the pipe, emerging through its upper 
opening, where many exuviae of the pupa were found. 
14. MijLLEE, Dr. Fritz, Entomoh Nachr., vol. xiv., 
pp. 273-277 (1888). Larven von Miicken und Haarflug- 
lern mit zweierlei abwechselnd thatigen Athemwerk- 
zeugen, 3 woodcuts. Describes and figures the tail-ends 
of the larvae of two species of Psychodidse, showing the 
combination of the ordinary pair of anal spiracles with 
branchial and other respiratory appendages. 
