Notes on Seasonal Dimorphism. 
421 
Lindwings, and tlie underside of tlie hindwings is almost, 
or quite, without nervular black clouding, and shows a 
clear ground of bright yellow. The variety hoguensis 
is not, I believe, peculiar to any season of the year. Out 
of these seasonal variations some Lepidopterists have 
coined the usual number of spurious species, P. agrip- 
pina, etc. 
The seasonal and local variations of Herpsenia eriphia 
have afforded our authorities sufficient grounds for the 
prevailing infatuation of species-mongering. Thus the 
winter form of H. eriphia has been transformed into 
melanarge (Butler),* though the only distinctions that 
can be claimed for it are a slightly more ochreous colour, 
with attenuation of dark markings on the upperside, and 
a reddish suffusion about the apices of forewings and 
hindwings of underside. These are, in fact, the usual 
modifications which I am trying to demonstrate as pecu- 
liar to dry season forms. I caught a large series of the 
variety melanarge in Zululand during the month of July, 
1893, and have received specimens of the type caught in 
Werner County for me during the summer time. 
Teracolus eris is another excellent illustration of the 
same rules of seasonal differentiation. The variety A 
(" South African Butterflies,^^ Trimen) differs from the 
typical form in the slightly less heavily-marked upperside, 
and in the reddish tinting of the nnderside. I caught 
numerous specimens of the variety A in Zululand in July, 
1893, and a single 6 of the same variety up the Pungwe 
Kiver, Mozambique Province, in September, 1894. 
Teracolus ione is a rare insect in this locality, the 
variety A of Trimen being the only form of it I have met 
with. Mr. A. Millar has caught examples at Sydenham, 
near Durban, in the autumn and early winter, the (?s of 
which exhibit considerable contraction of the black mark- 
ings of the upperside, and absence of the nervular hind- 
marginal spots of hindwings, t I also caught two simi- 
larly marked (?s up the Pungwe River in September, 
1894. These specimens approximate very closely to 
* Mr. Barker has, however, examined H. melanarge since writing 
the above, and admits that it is a distinct race from the S. African 
form, both forms of which stand in the British Museum under the 
name of H. eriphia.- — G-. F. H. 
f The underside of hindwings is lightly freckled with grey 
irrorations. 
