OBSERVATIONS ON ALEXANDRIA. 461 
corners, be preserved. In defiance therefore of the weight which 
Professor White gives to the assertion of Macrobius, that no town 
of Egypt had received within its walls a temple of Saturn or 
Serapis," I must believe that the original wall of Alexandria began 
near the tower at G, and extended in a gradual sweep, till it joined 
the Calish at the hills near A, which is kept along till it again 
bent up towards the Canopic gate at Fj leaving without it the 
Hippodrome, which, Strabo says, with other buildings, extended 
from it to the Canopic canal. Of these very considerable remains 
are distinguishable on the map; and an open line by the letter B, 
parallel to the great street, seems to mark the street also mentioned 
by Strabo, as going from the Necropolis to the Canopic gate. 
The real position of the Panium, with its lofty, conic form, and 
spiral staircase, or the Gymnasium celebrated for its porticos, I 
cannot venture to conjecture. The very foundations of the greater 
part of the ruins are now concealed by heaps of broken brick and 
mortar, which are only removed by the natives for the sake of pro- 
curing the broken marble columns, which they burn to lime, without 
any regard to their beauty or rarity. 
Of the splendid buildings which once decorated the great street, 
a few columns only remain ; two, near the gate of Rosetta, were of 
granite, with white marble capitals and pediments. At K was a 
very large brick building, which had formerly a colonnade in ftont, 
of yellow marble, with white capitals and pediments, one of which 
was uncovered by the native workmen while we were making the sur- 
vey, and at S, three massive columns of red granite, with pediments 
and capitals of the same, have resisted the ravages of time, and of the 
still more destructive caprice of the present masters of the country* 
