60 
Buffon observes, that he believes the " size to depend on the scarcity of nourishment ; for when moved 
to better pastures, in four years they became higher, larger and stouter than the Common Stags." — Hist. 
Nat. vi. 95. 
The Bara Singa or Morl. Cervus WalUchu. 
Brown, with a very large white spot on the rump, extending on back of the haunches and far above 
the base of the tail ; the horns with two basal and one or two apical branches. 
Cervus Pygargus, Hardw. Linn. Trans. — Cervus Wallichii, Cuvier, Oss. Foss. iv. 50. — F. Cuv. Mam. Lith. from 
Hardw. Icon. — Sundev. Pecora, 55. — H. Smith, G. A. K. iv. 103. t. (from Indian drawing). — Jaareal 
Stag, Blyth, Journ. Asiat. See. Bengal, 1841, 750. t. . f 7, young horn. — Hodgson, Icon. ined. t. 198, 
called Gyana. — Pseudocervus Wallichii, Hodgson, Journ. Asiat. Soc. Bengal, x. 914, xi. 284. — 1 Cervus Cas- 
pianus or Hangool, Falconer, MSS. — Gray, Cat. Osteol. Sp. B. M. 147. — "^Cervus Cashmeriensis, Gray, 
Cat. Osteol. Sp. B. M. 65.— Kashmir Stag?, Blyth, P. Z. S. 1840, 72 ; Journ. Asiat. Soc. Bengal, 1841, 750. 
t. . f. 8, 9. — Persian Deer, Maral or Gevezu or Gookoohee, MacNeil, P. Z. S. 1840, 11. — Blyth, Journ. 
Asiat. Soc. Bengal, 1841, 750. t. . f. 10. 
Inhabits Cachir {^Hodgsoti) ; Persia (^MacNeif). 
The skull of Dr. Falconer's Cas/mieer Stag is 15 inches long ; the suborbital pit is oblong, triangular, 
and rather deep. The skull and horns are very like Mr. Hodgson's specimen of Cerms ajinis, but they are 
considerably smaller. 
Sir John MacNeil informs us they are called by the Persians Maral, or Gevezu, or Gookoohee, and are 
frequently noticed in their literature. It is found in all the wooded mountain districts of Persia, but 
apparently does not occur in the central parts of the country. They rarely descend into the plains. During 
the summer they are found in the highest wooded parts of the mountains, and during the winter in the 
lower ravines, near their bases, where they are frequently tracked in the snow. The horns of the adult 
males closely resemble those of the Red Deer of this country; insomuch that I doubt whether an unscien- 
tific observer could distinguish them, except by the superior size of those of the Maral. — P. Z. S. 1840, 11. 
The Saul Forest Stag. Cervus affinis. 
Pale brown; rump without any distinct pale mark; skull 16 or 17 inches long; suborbital pit large, 
oblong, trigonal, rather deep. 
Cervus affinis (Moot Baratingha, or Royal Stag of the Morung^, Hodgson, Icon. ined. B. M. n. 197; Journ. 
Asiat. Soc. Bengal, x. 741, 914; Calcutta Journ. N. H. iv. 291. — Sundev. Pecora, 131. — Gray, Cat. Ost. 
Sp. B. M. 65. — C. Elaphus, Hodgson, Journ. Asiat. Soc. Bengal, iv. 648. — C. Wallichii, part. Gray, Cat. 
Hodgson's Coll. in B. M. 32.— C. Wallichii, var. Blyth, Journ. Asiat. Soc. Bengal, 1841, 747. 
Inhabits India ; Saul Forest. 
Mr. Hodgson, in his figure of this animal, does not represent any pale spot on the rump : if this is cor- 
rect, it must be a most distinct species. Dr. Falconer informs me the Cashmere Stag has a large white rump_ 
The SiKA. Cerms Sika. 
Dark brown ; cheeks and throat rather paler ; rump brown, without any pale spot ; tail pale, white 
beneath ; hair harsh ; horns rather slender, with a basal and medial snag, and a subapical internal 
one. 
Cervus Sika, Schlegel, Fauna Japon. t. 17. — Sundev. Pecora, 55, 131. — C. Sitza, Temm. Mus. Leyden. 
Inhabits Japan. Mus. Leyden. 
4. DAMA {^H. Smitli), Platyceros, 
has the upper part of the horns expanded, smooth, and branched on the hinder edge ; a rather elongated 
tail ; a well-developed tear-bag ; narrow triangular compressed hoofs ; they are covered with thin, 
rather adpressed hairs, and have the hair of the nape reversed ; the fur is spotted in summer ; the 
skull with a short broad face, an oblong, rather shallow, infraorbital pit, and short broad nasals. 
The Fallow Deer. Dama vulgaris. 
Fulvous ; white spotted, with the longitudinal streak on the lower part of the side, and the line across 
the haunches white. 
Var. From nearly black to nearly pure white. 
Platyceros, Plini. — Cervus platyceros. Rail Quad. 85. — Cervus dama, Linn. — Dama vulgaris, Gesner, Quad. 
335. f. . — Gray, Cat. Osteol. Sp. B. M. 65. — Fallow Deer and Buck, Pennant. — Daim et Daime, Buffon. 
— Daim fame, F. QuViqy.— Cervus coronatus, H. Smith, G. A. K. iv. t. . f. 4, from monstrous horns. 
