64 
and nearly equally long, slender legs ; the horns are placed on moderately long peduncles ; the skull 
is elongate, narrow, with an oblong, rather small, deep suborbital pit. 
The Axis or Chiltra. Axis maculata. 
Fulvous, with a black dorsal streak, edged with a series of white spots ; sides with many white spots 
in an oblique curved line, and with a short white streak obliquely across the haunches. 
Young fawn, spotted exactly like the adult. 
Aocis, Plin. ? — BufFon, H. N. xi. t. 38, 39. — Cuvier, Menag. Mus. t. ; Oss. Foss. iv. 38. t. 5. f. 24, 29. — 
Cerviis Axis, Erxl. — Schreb. t. 260. — Bennett, Gard. Zool. Soc. 253. — Sundev. Pecora, 57. — Axis macu- 
lata, Gray, Cat. Mamm. B. M. 178. — A. major, Hodgson, Journ. Asiat. Soc. Bengal, x. 914. — A. minor, 
Hodgson, Journ. Asiat. Soc. Bengal, x. 914. — A. medius, Hodgson, Icon. ined. — Cerviis pseudaxis, Ger- 
vais, Voy. Bonite, 64. t. 12; Institute, 1841, 419. — Sundev. Pecora, 57. — C. Axis Ceylonensis, H. Smith. 
Var. Blackish. C. nudipalpebra, Ogilby, P. Z. S. 1831, 136. — Sundev. Pecora, 57. 131. 
Inhabits India. 
The horns of this species vary greatly in size. Pennant describes two Deer under the names of 
Greater Axis, Penn. Syn. 52; Quad. \^% = C. Axis y, Gmelin, 
Middle-sized Axis, ^VL-A.^.\^Qi = C. Axis ^, (jm<^m, 
from the horns alone : these are probably only large-horned examples of the common species. 
9. HYELAPHUS (^Sundev:), Axis, sp. {H. Smith). 
Covered with moderately thick, polished hair; fulvous, and spotted in the summer; with a rather elongated 
tail, and rather short legs, the front being rather the shortest ; the face is short, broad, and arched in 
front ; the ears short and rounded ; the horns are placed on moderately long peduncles. 
The LuGNA Para or Shgoriah. Hyelaphus porcims. Tab. XLII. 
Brown or yellowish brown, with an indistinct darker dorsal streak, and with obscure whitish spots, 
but without any white streak on the sides or haunches ; in the winter brown and spotless ; front 
of face and legs darker ; line down the front and the inside of the thighs white. 
Porcine Deer, Penn. Syn. 42. t. 8. f. 2. — Cerf Coclion, Buffon, Supp. iii. 122. 1. 18 (in summer). — Cerviis p or cinus, 
Zimmerm. — Sclireb. t. 251. — F. Cuv. Mamm. Lith. t. —Hyelaphus porcinus, Sundev. Pecora, 58. — Gray, 
Cat. Osteol. B. M. 67. — Axis porcinus, Plodgson, Journ. Asiat. Soc. Bengal, x. 914. — Gray, Cat. Hodg- 
son's Coll. B. M. 33. — Cervus niger, Hamilton, Icon. ined. — Blainv. Bull. Soc. Philom. 1816, 76. — Fischer, 
Syn. 454.— Sundev. Pecora, 60. 132. 
Inhabits India. 
Easily known from the Axis by being lower on its legs, and there is no distinct black dorsal streak, nor 
white streak on haunches ; the tail bushy, and often carried erect : the males and females in summer are 
reddish brown, with numerous white spots, the middle of the back rather darker; in winter the whole fur 
becomes blackish brown, and the spots disappear : the horns are generally short, with only short snags or 
branches, but they are sometimes as large as those of the Axis Deer. 
Lord Derby observes :— 
" In the year 1837 I purchased a fine Hog Deer from Cross, of the Royal Surrey Zoological Gardens ; and 
my present old male, the father of all the fawns since bred, was bought of Herring in 1839. The old female 
has produced seven fawns, of which the first, a male, sold to Castang, was fawned in 1840 ; the second, a 
female, in February 1841 ; the third, a male, in December 1841 ; the fourth, a male, October 1842, given 
to Lord Fitzwilliam ; the fifth, a female, in October 1843; the sixth, a male, June 12, 1844; the seventh, 
March 1, 1845. She is again in young, and should fawn January 9, 1846. The first female she bred pro- 
duced a female, April 6, 1844; secondly, a male, born dead, in March 1845; and she also should fawn 
again, January 22, 184(). The next female (fawned in 1843) should produce a fawn, January 23, 1846. 
You will perceive that the yeaning-time, and consequently the rut, is at all times of the year ; that they 
receive the male very soon after yeaning, and breed very rapidly and early ; the gestation being about eight 
months, as with most Antelopes. You see by this account that I have now bred a very nice little herd, 
and am expecting three more next month. In addition to which, I have some few others imported by 
Whitfield, and am sending up a pair to the Queen, by Thompson." 
" We expect three more Hog Deer fawns." — Dec. 13, 1845. 
" We have two more of the Hog Peer fawns ; a small female yesterday, and a good male today."^ — 
Jan. 3, 1846. 
