All nghfK reserved. July. 1915. 
BIRD NOTES: 
THE 
JOURNAL OF THE FOREIGN BIRD CLUB 
Cranes, Etc., In Captivity. 
By Thk Makquis of Tavistock. 
I am writing, by request of the Editor, these notes on 
the management of Cranes and some other large birds in 
captivity. The subject is one which has often been dealt with 
by able and experienced aviculturists, and I therefore fear that 
much of what I am about to write is already known to 
readers of " Bird Notes." 
Cranes may be divided into three classes: 
1. Those which are absolutely hardy [hy "hardy" I mean 
indifferent to cold i . 
2. Those which are reasonably hardy, i.e., can stand very 
cold weather when in good health, but dislike it, and 
appi'eciate some rough shelter. 
3. Those which are delicate. 
In the first category I would place: 
Manchurian Crane (Grus japoncnsis). 
White-necked Crane (Anihropoidcs Imcauchen) . 
Asiatic White Crane {Grus h'ucogcram(s) . 
American AVhooping Crane {G . americana). 
Stanlej- Crane (G . paradisea ) . 
In the second: 
Sarus Crane {Antigone antigone) . 
Australian Crane {A. ansiralasiana) . 
Common European Crane {Grus communis). 
Wattled Crane (G. carunculata) . 
Hondod Crane (G. monnchus). 
Sandhill Crane [G. yncxicana). 
Demoiselle Crane {G . virgo). 
In the third: 
Crowned Cranes ; Balearica pavonia, B. chryxopclargus, B. g'b- 
hcrieeps ■ 
Cranes are very easily fed in captivity, the majority 
only reciuiring grain (wheat ami maize) soft bread and soaked 
biscuit, and a little animal food where they are kept in a oon- 
