NOTES AND QUERIES. 
71 
are confined to the Caradoc group, yet I believe tliat it will be eventually 
acknowledged that the fossils i'roui Diuicaiinon arc Llandcilo types, such as 
Cali/mene dnplicida, Bt'i/richia coniplkula, Linijida atfeituata. 
iUl the Silurian luoUusca from Duucaunon, except the black homy Liugtda, 
have a wliite silky ap])earanee, in strikuig contrast to the dark matrix in wliich 
they arc imbedded. This, 1 imagine, is owing to the shells having been at a 
remote period slowly and partially calcined by the action of the heat from the 
igneous rock in the vicinity. 
The mineral character of the rock also agrees with the Llandeilo flags and 
dark-coloured schists so well developed in WiJes. I therefore wish to record 
my view of the age of similar dark-coloiu-ed rocks at Duueannou, more espe- 
cially as I cannot without great difficulty refer them to the Caradoc series, a 
patch of which I discovered on the opposite shore of Waterford Haven. The 
trilobitcs which I obtamed there were lent to be described in a work on a 
northern Irish county then publishing. 
It is to be regretted that, in Portlock's Report of Londonderry and Tyrone, 
the trilobitcs which I obtained at Nc'n'town Head are stated to nave been dis- 
covered by me at Tramore. The mistake no doubt arose from there being two 
localities named Newtown Head, one near Tramore, and the other situated 
between Passage and Woodsto\vn, on the western shore of Waterford 
Haven, which I fully explained at the time, but which was unfortunately lost 
sight of. 
Although a paper of mine, giving a brief account of these fossiliferous strata 
had been read at a meeting of the Geological Society in ISil, the discovery of 
those Silurian rocks has been erroneously ascribed to the Ordnance Geological 
Sun-ey in Ireland (Mem. Geol. Sui-v., Decade 2, pi. x., p. 4) ; and one of tlie 
very trilobitcs which I had lent, has been dedicated by Mr. Salter (at page 3, 
pi. 7, decade No. 2), to the author of the work above idluded to, as its dis- 
coverer. So far from the Government Survevors having discovered the 
fossiliferous rocks in question, they were wholly unknown to the Sui-vey 
untd I pointed them out to Colonel James, R.E., in the spring of 1841. 
Well might the Surveyors pass them by, for they can only be approached 
with an ebb tide ; and as they are quite level with the shore, the adjacent 
cliif being destitute of fossils, they did not attract notice till the publication of 
my paper. 
Eventually these rocks will be covered by the accumulation of the silt and 
sand which are deposited at every tide, so tnat all trace of them wiU be lost. 
Continuing my search for organic remains on the Waterford side of the 
estuar}^ I was rewarded, as above indicated, with the discovery of lower 
Caradoc rocks of limited extent, which, as I have related, are situated on the 
shore at some little distance from the cliff at Newtown Head, near Woods- 
town. From collecting fossils, I proceeded, in company with my son, Mr. T. 
Austin, to examine the clay which caps the mass of trap and other rocks 
forming the headland. The clay which covers the rocks along the line of 
section, with the exception of the quarry, where it has been removed for the 
purpose of procuring stone for road-mending, is continuous from Woodstown 
Strand to Raheen Bridge, which latter is a small structure over the shallow 
brook that runs down from the high ground to the south of Crook Church and 
Castle — both edifices in ruins. The rivulet, more to the south, is a mere rill, 
that has cut its way rather deeply down through the clay. This clay is similar 
in composition to the drift which covers a great part of the south-eastern district 
of Ireland. When engaged in examining the clay and tracing the line of a 
bed of cockles, which, with occasional breaks in its continuity, extends along 
the coast, and for a considerable distance inland, from Raheen Bridge to 
Woodstown Strand, a distance of upwards of eight hundixd yards, a bone was 
