132 
THK GEOLOGIST. 
rence, the state of Maine, the province of New Brunswick, and the 
eastern coast of Labrador ; tlie wliole extending between the latitude 
of forty-two degrees and fifty-five degrees north, and longitude 
fifty-six and ninety-eight west. 
The caverns of Canada may conveniently be divided into two 
classes ; the first comprises those which are at the present time 
washed by the waters of lakes, seas, and rivers, including arched, 
perforated, flower-pot, and pillared rocks, which have at one time 
formed the boundaries or walls of caverns, and all of them unques- 
tionably the result of aqueous action. The second comprises caverns 
and subterranean passages which are situated on dry land, and so far 
as we know, not attributable to the same cause in their origin as 
the first, or at least not applied in the same manner. 
In the first class are included the following : — 
1. Caverns on the shores of the Magdalen Islands. 
2. Caverns and arched rocks at Perce, Gaspe. 
3. Gothic arched recesses, Gaspe Bay. 
4. The " Old Woman," or flower-pot rock, at Cape Gaspe. 
5. Little River Caverns, Bay of Chaleiir. 
6. Arched and flower-pot rocks of the Mingan Islands. 
7. Pillar sandstones, north coast of Gaspe. 
8. Niagara Caverns. 
9. Flower Pot Island, Lake Huron. 
10. Perforations and caverns af Michilimacinac, L. Huron. 
11. The Pictured Rocks, Lake Superior. 
12. St. Ignatius Caverns, Lake Superior. 
13. Pilasters of Mammelles, Lake Superior. 
14. Thunder Mountain and Pate Island Pilasters, L. Superior. 
In the second class are : — 
15. The Steinhauer Cavern, Labrador. 
16. The basaltic caverns of Henley Island. 
17. Empty basaltic dykes of Mecattina. 
18. Bigsby's Cavern, Murray Bay. 
19. Bunchettes Cavern, Kildare. 
20. Gibb's Cavern, Montreal. 
21. Probable caverns at Chatham, on the Ottawa. 
22. Calquhouns Cavern, Lanark, 
23. Quartz Cavern, Leeds. 
24. Probable caverns at Kingston, Lake Ontario. 
25. Mono Cavern. 
26. Eramosa Cavern. 
27. Cavern in the Bass Islands, L. Erie. 
28. Subterranean passages in the Great Manitoulin Island, Lake 
Huron. 
29. Murrays Cavern and subterranean river, Ottawa. 
30. Probable caverns in Iron Island, Lake Nipis.sing. 
