NOTES AND QUERIES. 
147 
extrfiordinarly abundant iu fish-rcniaius of upwards of thirty species. Tlie 
fossil fishes are of a black colour, and some in a very liigh state of preservation, 
but usually they are extremely fragmentary. The fossils arc not found in 
nodules there, but are seen on tlie ilags, or shibs, as they are removed from the 
quarries. The stone is almost bhick, or sometimes brownish, and contains a 
large amount of bituminous matter. In some places it is quarried for the 
manufacture of the paraffine-oil, which is obtained by simple distillatiou from 
the sandstone slabs. This great amount of bitumen seems to be owing to the 
vast quantity of organic matter contained in this sandstone. Many of the slabs 
Lave an oily ajjpearancc and a strong bitumiuous odour. 
In the ueighoourhood of TiiUKSo are several quarries, where many fishes 
may be found, as also near Stkomness, iu Pomona. In some of the sandstone 
slabs arc found small nodules ; tiiese are formed by a nucleus of iron-pyrites. 
In the neighbourhood of Edinburgh, at Bathgate, large quantities of 
paraffine-oil is manufactured from the refuse bituminous minerals and rubbish 
from the coal-pits of the neighbourhood. — James R. Gkegoky. 
List of Fossil Fishes found in the Old Eed Sandstone of Scotland. 
Acanthodeii pnsUlus — Tynet, Dipple. 
Ac.iiiiolepk tiiljerculatus — Scatcrag, Fiudhorn. 
jUtcrolrpis minor — Scat crag. 
Malrolmsoid — near Nairn, Scatcrag. 
Asuiusii — Tliurso. 
Bothriolejns oniatas — Findhoru, near Nairn, Scatcrag. 
favosus — Clashbinnie, Scatcrag. 
Cephalaspis Lyclli — Glamis, Carmylie. 
CJieira cant hits ffrandispium — Orkney. 
microlepidofiis — Lethen, Tynet, Cromarty. 
hiinor — Tynet, IMoray, Orkney. 
Murchhoni — Gamric. 
liuleerulentus — Orkney. 
Chcirolepis Cummingii — Lethen, Moray, Cromarty, Tynet. 
■ curtus — Lethen. 
rmcrocephalus — Orkney. 
Traillii — Orkney. 
uragm — Ganuic. 
telox — Orkney. 
Clinulim reticulutus — Balruddery. 
Coccosteus cuspidatus — Gamric, Cromarty, Orkney, Eatliie. 
decipicns — Lethen, Tynet, Cromarty, Thurso, Orkney, Dipple, 
Eathie. 
■ maximtis — Lethen, Tynet. 
mlrroapondijlus — Orkney. 
ohlonfjHs — Lethen, Tynet. 
puaiUus — Orkney. 
trigonopsis — Orkney. 
Coiicliodics odreceformis — Scatcrag. 
Cusmacanthus Malcolmsoni — Scatcrag. 
Cricodus iiicuretis — near Nairn, Scatcrag. 
Deiidrotus lotus — Fiudhorn, Scatcrag, Moray. 
st rig at us — Fiudhorn, Scatcrag. 
sigmoideus — Scatcrag. 
Biplacauthus crassipinns — Moray, Orkney. 
gibbi's — Orkney. 
