DAVIDSON — SCOTTISH CARBONIFEROUS BRACIIIOPODA. 233 
correctly figured iu tlic " Geology of Yorkshire," and may thus have led some 
to doubt the identity. Phillips' specimen, which may be seen ia the British 
Museum, and of which I possess a beautiful drawing, for which I am indebted 
to my valued and distinguished friend, Mr. S. P. Woodward, consists of a shell 
and coiuitcrpart, or rather the shell is equally divided between the two sides of 
the split uoQide, so that neither of them show the true structure. When the 
shell is removed, the matrix shows regular concentric stria;, similar to those 
above described, but elsewhere only fraetui-ed lines of laminae and radiating 
striae. The nodule is black, and the shell dark and pyiitous : it will be figured 
in my larger work. Some Scottish examples of L. sqicamiformis have attained 
thirteen lines in length by eight and a-half in ^adth, but the generality of spe- 
cimens are smaller, and the shell is very often found enclosed in u-oustone 
nodules. 
In Lanarkshii-e it occurs at Raes Gill, at three hundred and forty-one fathoms 
below "Ell coal;" three hundred and forty-three at Hall Craig; three hundred 
and seventeen at Braidwood Gill ; three hundred and fifty -four at Langshaw 
Burn ; it is found also at Hall Hill, near Lesmahago. In Renfrewshii-e, at 
Orchard-quarry, Thornliebank. In Dumbartonshire, at Netherwood, near 
Castlecarv. In Stirhngshii'e, in the MLU Burn beds, Campsie main limestone, 
and Corrie Burn beds. It is also found at Bishopbriggs, three miles north 
of Glasgow. In Haddingtonshire, at Cat Craig, near Dunbar. In Edin- 
burghshire, at Wardie (Western Breakwater, Granton) ; and occurs also in 
Bute, Eifeshire, and the Berwickshire coast. 
XLVII.— LiNGULA ScoTiCA. Davldsou. PI. v., figs. 36-37. 
This shell is of an elongated triangular shape, tapering at the beak, slightly 
rounded laterally and in front. The valves are slightly convex, but much com- 
pressed, while the entire surface is covered \vith numerous minute concentric 
stride, with stLU wider flattened interspaces. This remarkable species is easily 
distinguished by its trian^ar shape and tapering sides and beaks, as well as by 
the delicate sculpture which adorns its surface. In shape it approaches to 
certain exceptional examples of Phillips' Lbigida cuneata ; but the Carboniferous 
and Sdurian species camiot be confounded.* L. Scotica is perhaps the largest 
Scottish Carboniferous species of the genus hitherto discovered, for several ex- 
amples have measured fifteen Unes in length by twelve and a-haLf in width ; and 
a fragment in the Museum of Practical Geology would denote still larger pro- 
portions. The interior has not been hitherto discovered ; but upon au internal 
cast obscure Lingula-like indications of occlusor muscular impressions could be 
perceived. 
This Lingula occurs at Gare, in Lanarkshire, at two hundred and tliirty-uine 
fathoms below the " Ell coal," aud from which locality it has been known to a 
friend in Carluke for upwards of tliirty years.f My attention was, however, 
first directed to the shell by Mr. Young, who had been struck by its peculiar 
triangular appearance, and it was subsequently discovered at Robroystou, north 
of Glasgow, in beds upon a similar horizon to that of Gare, while the largest 
examples were procured by Dr. SUmon, from Hall HLU, Auchenheath, and 
Coalburn, Lesmahago, about three hundred fathoms below " Ell coal. 
• I possess also an American Lingiila from the Pottsdam sandstone of the Falls of St. Croix, 
Minnesota, which is stated by Mr. Worthen to be the oldest known American species of the 
genus. In shape it is very similar to L, Scotica, but dilfers from it in sculpture as well as in 
the convexity of its valves. 
t This shell has been known for many years in Scotland as a Posidouomya, but of wliich 
genus it does not possess the character. 
YOL. III. 2 G 
