LIUTISU ASSOCUTION MEETING. 
315 
ON THE TYNEDALE COALFIELD AND WHINSILL. 
By J. A. Knife. 
The Tynedalc coal-field is of uo very great extent, but from its being a pro- 
longation of the true Nortlniiubcrlaiul and Durham coal, though at the distance 
of forty miles west of the great deposit, saved by the great ninety fathom 
fault, which is so well exposed on the coast at Callereotes, and as it is entii-ely 
ignored in the Geological Society's Map, and every other, excepting the author's, 
lie thought it should be recorded in the reports of the meetnig of tlic British 
Association. Tlie proprietor of the Tynedalc eoal-field is the Earl of Carlisle, 
and the coal is worked to a great extent by Messrs. Thompson, of Kirkhouse, 
near Brampton, who also work the Talkirs mines in Cumberland. 
The pit IS called the " King Pit," " Midgehohne Colliery," and is situated on 
the north side of the Fault, which has been proved to be a down-throw to the 
north of one hundred and eighty fathoms, and as the mountain limestone of 
Aldstone Moor is in juxta-position with the coal, the author coueeives that the 
down-throw here must be considerably greater. The shaft is five hundred and 
six feet deep, and the aggregate thickness of the five seams or beds of work- 
able coal is twenty-three feet. Below the coal are thick beds of sandstone, 
shale, and grit ; then thick beds of limestone ; then comes the coal of Blenkin- 
Eop mines ; amiin other intervenriag strata, succeeded by the thin beds of coal 
of Holtwhistle in shale and sandstone ; then intervene coarse sandstone, 
a thin bed of coal and grit, succeeded by rich ironstone nodules in thick beds 
of shale. Again come thick beds of coarse sandstone and limestone, reposing 
on interstratilied trap — the great "VMiinsill. 
The Whiusill of Wall Town, near the Eoman camp, Amboglanna Bardos- 
wold, offers here a bold bluff escarpment to the north of near one hundred feet 
in height. Portions of it assume a rude columnar structure ; it is, however, 
much obscured by foliage. The Roman wall, which is here very perfect, and 
six feet in thickness, crosses the summit of the escarpment. The Whinsill is 
traceable to the German Ocean, and is seen again interstratified with the car- 
boniferous lunestone of Dunstonburgh Castle. 
ON THE CONTENTS OF THREE CUBIC YARDS OP TRIASSIC EARTH. 
By Chajiles Moore, Esq., F.G.S. 
Prom the extraordinary series of organic remains exhibited to the Section 
by the author, and from the importance attaching to the mammalia, the reading 
of this paper excited considerable interest. The author stated that several years 
i!go he suspected the presence of Triassic rocks in the neighbourhood of Prome 
from accidentally fincung in a roadside heap of carboniferous limestone a single 
block of stone containing fish remains of the former age, but that for a long 
time he was unable to discover it in situ. More recently, when examining 
some carboniferous limestone quarries near the above town, he observed certain 
fissures which had subsequently been filled up by a drift of a later age. One 
of these was about a foot in breadth at the top, but increased to fifteen feet at 
the base of the quarry, thirty feet below, at which point teeth and bones of 
triassic reptiles and fishes were found. Usually these infillings consisted of a 
material as dense as the limestone itself, and from which the organic remains 
