BUCKMAN — SEARCH FOR COAL. 
139 
ing to thespecies Holoptychius, Coelacanthus, Ctcnacanthua, Amblypterus 
and Palaeoniscus. In my first paper I mentioned some small coal seams 
in the millstone grit. They are scarcely worth working, butlhey are all 
very rich in fossil remains. From these seams I have extracted 
Prodnctus, Leptsena, Lingula mytiloides, Turritella, Conularia quadrili- 
neata, Modiola, and a small Orthoceras. From the small "pins "of 
ironstone and the ferruginous clay there are several varieties of 
Productus Orthis Bellerophon 
Rhynchonella Donax ? Nautilus 
Leptaena Nucula Murchisonia 
Terebratula Pecten Littorina 
Spirifer Mytilus Goniatites 
Strophomena Modiola Turritella 
Lingula Unio 
Professor Melville has kindly promised to name all my shells more 
accurately, for which purpose he has my collection with him in Ireland, 
so that I am only enabled to lay a very general list before my readers. 
I trust, however, that a more extended search will be made throughout 
the whole of this very interesting field, and I feel assured that nobody 
will be loser by devoting a little time in the patient investigation of 
this subject. 
THE PRACTICAL APPLICATION OF GEOLOGY IN 
COAL-SEEKIKG. 
By James Buckman, F.G.S., F.L.S., F.S.A., 
Professor of Natural History in the Royal Agricultural College of Cirencester. 
Seaechino for coal is, not only at home but also abroad, a serious sub- 
ject, and one in which the practical utility of connecting geological 
knowledge with active operations is particularly obvious, and which 
from actual experience I can well illustrate by many interesting cases 
which have come under my own notice. The first determinations in 
a coal " adventure " may be classified as follows : — 
1. WTiere coal is not. 2. Where coal may he, hut at too great a depth 
for working. 3. Where coal may he found convenient for working. 4. Its 
quality and extent. 
In order to make what follows the more interesting, we may premise, 
what every Geologist now knows — that the earth is made up of strata 
