210 
THE GEOLOGIST. 
over the collection in the Manchester Natural History Mireoum I find no sponge — 
nor anj'thing cori'esponcling to my specimen, but I may have overloukeil what 1 sought 
for. If fossil sponges are kuown— which I should expect — iu what book are 
they described, or where shall I get iuformatiou respecting them ? 2. Mr. Page, 
in his Advanced Tcit-book, pp. 200-1, refers to the Clinometer and Oneroid. Pro- 
fessors are guilty of giving students too much credit in what they suppose them 
to know, so I presume Mr. Page supposes the two instruments mentioned above 
are well-known. AVill some contributor to the Geologist describe the instruments, 
and give a few hints as to the best mode of using them, or give reference to some 
not very expensive book with the needed information ? 3. Is there any article 
or treatise on Palmacites from which an ani.ateur might gather the distinctive 
features of the dilferent species ? 4. What is the Etymology of Ulodendron If 
from vXt) and pov^ev8 is the word v\i] used in a generic sense, as a forest-tree, or 
has it some specific meaning ? I leave my enquiries to the kindness of yourself 
and contributors to the GIbologist — hoping they are not beneath a notice in your 
' JN'oles and Queries.' — Yours, &c." 
Fern Rem.-vins from Forest of De.\n, from Sadrds, Gloucester. — We 
acknowledge this communication, with pen-and ink outlines of the specimens, from 
which, they being without the slightest indication of structure, &c., we cannot 
determine the species. From casts, or careful drawings, of specimens, we might 
assist our correspondents; but, even with the actual specimens before one, it is 
very diflicult, if not impossible, to determine specimens from fossil-le.aves alone. 
There are no other good or cheap works on fossils than those popular treatises by 
Lyell, Mantell, Phillips, Ansted, &c., to which we have, in answer to other corre- 
spondents, already relerred. 
Geology or Ross. — '• Sir, — Will any of your readers give me the names of 
the localities in the neighbourhood of Ross, in Herefordshire, that possess interest 
for the geological student. Will you also inform me the best method of 
extricating the fossils from the rocks in which they are contained." 
Palatal Teeth of Fish, Bristol. — " Bristol institution, April 10, 18-58, — 
Sir, — If your correspondent who signs ' W. S , Bristol,' will pay a visit to our 
museum. I shall liave much pleasure in showing him the collection of ' Palates ' 
from the Mountain Limestone, and I shall be glad to assist, him in naming the 
' twenty different kinds ' which he has collected. I am, Sir, yours obediently, 
" WjI. SAJiDEltS." 
IIEPORTS OF TKE PROCEED[XGS OF GEOLOGICAL 
SOCIETIES. 
Geological Society of London. — March 24. — 1. " On a protrusion of Silurian 
Rock in the North of Ayrshire, " By J. C. Moore, Esq., F.R.S., F.G.S. 
The author described the coast-section of a part of North Ayr, from Ardrossan 
to Goldenberry Hill, north of Portencross Castle, altogether about five miles in 
length ; and he showed that the red sandstones ( of Devonian age ) that succeeded 
the coal-measures of Ardrossan, from which they are cut off by a trap-djke, dip 
southwardly for upwards of two miles, ihcn form a low anticlinal, and are then 
vertical for a short distance; after which they are abruptly succeeded by a con. 
tortcd and arched mass of purple, green, and black schists of Silurian age. The 
schist.': are immediately succeeded on the north by unconformable red saudstoncs 
and conglomerates, dipping northward, cut through by greenstones, and appa) ently 
belonging toa lower stage than that of the red sandstones of the south of the axis ; 
sandstones similar to the latter succeed, with a conformable dip, and are traversed 
by a porphyry which forms a massive covering above them, and constitutes the 
pictures<pie liill of Goldenl)erry. 
Theauthoi- remarked that an axis of elevation has disturbed the Old Ret! sand- 
