213 
THE GEOLOGIST. 
In pursuing his investigations as to the geologic age of the Crag, the author 
found it necessary to decide as to what are the "derivative" fossils which are 
mixed with the native fossils in this deposit. This has been a matter of some 
difficulty. Mr. Wood enumerates the following genera that may have supplied 
species or specimens to the Red Crag : — Chama, Cardita, Astarte, Cj/jirina, 
Isocardia. Limopsis, Turritella, Vernietus, C ancellaria, Terebra, Vohita, and Pyrula ; 
and he observes that out of 240 species of moUusca foi:nd in the Red Crag, and 
belonging truly to a modern tertiary period, forty, or perhaps fifty, might be con- 
sidered as derivative fossils, though possibly some of them may have lived on from 
the period of tlie lower to that of the Upper or Red Crag. Some few extraneous 
fossils found in the Red Crag appear to the author to have been casts of shells 
from some fresh- water deposit, probably of old tertiary date, but of which no other 
trace has been recognised. Mr. Wood regards the relics of terrestrial mammals 
found in the Red Crag as extraneous to that deposit, as well as the Cetotolites or 
relics of wliales. Remains of two species of Uyracotheriiim, originally derived 
from the London Clay, have occurred in this Crag ; also a tooth said to be of a 
Coryphodon. The remains of (Irsus, Cards, Viilpes, Felis, Tror/onlherium, Mastudon, 
Rhinoceros, Equus, Sus, and Cervus have been derived from some Upper Tertiary 
deposits ; but Mr. Wood is uncertain whether the Crag relics of liipipotlieriurn and 
JJya'uodon may not have come from some Middle Tertiary beds. The remains of 
Balanudou certainly were not derived from the London Clay, as has been sug- 
gestd, but with the iJelpIiinus, have come from some tertiaries of a later date. 
Crocodile, Turtle, and Sualse remains, fossil wood, crustaceans, and mollusca have 
come from the London Clay. Many of the fish remains are London Clay fossils ; 
but some have been washed in from beds similar to those of Bracklesham ; and 
some, including the teeth of Carcliarodon mcgalodon, have apparently been derived 
from Middle Tertiary beds not existing now in this area. Some Chalk fossils, 
and several fossils from the Middle Oolites, have also been collected in the 
" phosphatic beds." Mr. Wood described the relative proportions in which the 
different derivative fossils occurred, and made some remarks on the general 
characters of these beds. He observes that probably no locality more resembles 
the conditions of the Red Crag Sea during the accumulation of the materials of 
its bed than the existing Bay of Christchurch, where the conflicting tidal currents 
mix the fossils of several beds with recent sliells. 
[The papers by Mr. Wetherell and Mr. Wood were illustrated by a large series 
of specimens.] 
3. " On a Fossil Fruit found in tlie Upper Wealden deposits in the Isle of 
Purbeck." By Professor J. I'hilHps, M.A., President G. S. &c. 
In one of the Upper Wealden shales in the northern cliffs of Swanage Bay, the 
author found a small imperfect spherical jiyritous seed-vessel, about half an inch 
in length, which presented evidence of having had eight meridional ridges, and an 
apparently fibrous surface. After a careful comparison of numerous forms of 
seeds of monocotyledonous, gymnospermous, and dicotyledonous plants, the author 
considered that the specimen presented some analogies with dicotyledons of 
several groups, especially EupJiorhiucere and J tujlandactce. 
[The specimeu was exhibited to the meeting ] 
Oswestry Natuhalists' Field Club. — The meetings of this Society, appointed 
to be held during the present year, are at Llanrhaiadr, 10th June; Llangollen, 
22nd July ; Breidden Hill, 26th August. 
TnE Malvern Naturalists' Club. — The annual meeting of this excellent and 
valuable local society was held on the 12th instant, at their museum in Great 
Malvern ; when an instructive presidential address was delivered by the Rev. W. 
S. Symonds, F.G.S , who commenced by a well-merited allusion to the loss the 
club had sustained by the death of the late Peter Marriott, Es(( , of Malvern, and 
then passed in review the recent additions made to those departments of science 
wliich, from local circumstances, were most interesting aiul fainili.ir to a working 
field-club. tSome astronomical matters came first in order, and then the president 
