NOTES AND QUERIES. 
441 
friends in various parts of the island, I did not find that it travelled in " waves," 
as some persons describe, but was I'elt at the same time. Tliis observation must, 
however, be qualified by the fact that every one had not a watch handy, or if 
they had there might be a variation Ln them. But I certainly never found any 
positive foundation for the supposition of the undidations travelling, but considered 
them local. It seemed to me more like a sudden rising of a crust of earth, so to 
speak, and a gradual subsiding of it afterwards, first on one side and then on 
another. For I observed in something hanging to the wall before me that the 
undidations made it swing on the wall first, but after it swung to and from tho 
wall. These movements were usually accompanied by a rumbling sound, not before 
or after ; and on the occasion I mention, the earth opened some hundred and fifty 
yards, two feet wide, and never closed, but I observed no emission therefrom, or 
peculiar appearance of the soil. It appeared like what it probably was, merely a 
crack occasioned by the settlement of the gromid after the eartliquake. Thei-e 
was a pecidiar oppressiveness in the ah- for days previous and after ; I did not 
notice that the air was relieved of the oppression by the earthquake. Most of 
the large buildings were cracked m vai'ious places, and all more or less out of the 
perpendicular from repeated shocks. I will close this with a remark that geolo- 
gists generally consider the submersion of Port Royal diu-ing the earthquake of 
1692, was caused bj' the slipping dowi of the sand on which the to\\Ti was built 
from tlie livnestone rock that doubtless forms the nucleus of the j)eninsula, or, as 
it is termed there, the " Pallisades in fiivonr of which supposition is the fact, 
that the foundation of some of the buildings are distinctly visible below water 
when the sea is calm, and a buoy marks the remains of the old churcli. On the 
opposite shore, "Green Bay," the sand seems to have shifted also since, for 
numerous tombs, some of once costly sculptured marble, are washed by every 
tide. But one of the most distant from the sea, almost inaccessible for the prickly 
cashars bush, covered by a slab of black marble (the most durable material I ever 
met with for the purpose) as good as when built there on its brick foundation,— 
excepting a few chips which some Englishmen could not resist breaking off even a 
sacred memento, — offers the following record of its occupier and the earthquake of 
1692 : " Here lies the body of Lewis Galdy, who departed this life at Port Royal, 
22 December, 1739, aged 80. He was born at Montpelier, in France, but left tliat 
country for his religion, and came to settle in this island, where he was swallowed 
up in the great earthquake in the year 1692, and by the providence of God, was, 
by another shock, thrown into the sea, and miraculously saved by swimming, mitil 
a boat took him up. He lived many years after in great reputation, beloved by 
all who knew him, and much lamented at his death." 
TuE Walled Lakes of the West. — In the generality of the notices of the 
curious phenomena of the boulder-waUs of some of the lakes of North America, 
they have been regarded by antiquarians and ethnologists as artificial productions j 
the following letter in the North American Gazette on their origin from Prof. Edw. 
Daniels, the State Geologist, will be read, therefore, with some interest as showing 
they are due to the natural joint action of ice and water : — 
" Madison, April 25. — I have just read the notice of a Walled Lake m Wright 
County, Iowa, to which you called my attention, I recognize in the description a 
phenomenon common in the north-west, though perhaps rarely exhibited as per- 
fectly as in the case here stated. Walls similar to that described occur around 
many of om- lakes, and aromid marshes which have been lakes at a comparatively 
recent period. 
" Those waUs are usally composed of boulders and exhibit varying degrees of 
regularity, from confused heaps of rock to the compact structure and appear- 
ance of an artificial wall. They are due to the conjoint action of those potent 
agencies, ice and water, acting upon the drift-formation, wliich is always found 
where those walled lakes occur. Let us suppose a lake occupying a basin sur- 
rounded by banks of drift. Let it be understood that the di'ift of this region con- 
sists of attenuathig beds of sand, gravel, and clay, intermingled with boulders. The 
action of the waves and falling rains upon the banks will remove the lighter and 
liner particles, from year to year, far into the lake. The boulders, commingled 
2 K 
