472 
THE GEOLOGIST. 
smaller or ventral valve, showing that the muscular impressions were exactly similar 
to those observable in Spirifera; no septa existed in this valve, so that the shell 
cannot be classed with Pcntamcrus. None of the fragments, however, exhibited a 
trace of spiral processes, but this is no proof that they might not have existed. The 
terms Athyris and Atrypa have been made use of in this paper, but I wish it to 
be distinctly understood that I do not recommend their adoption. I used them as 
mere names, and on account of their priority of date ; but, as the generality of 
naturalists on the Continent, and some in Great Britain, have for some time past 
made up their minds to repudiate both JM'Coy's and Dalman's misnomers, for the 
reason that they involve a zoological mistake, my readers can adopt M. d'Orbigny's 
substitutes of Spirigera for Athyris, and Spirigerina for Atrypa, although other 
denominations might have been preferable. 
ERRATUM. 
In page 412, line 19, instead of genus Atrypa, Dalm. = Spiri/erina, D'Orb., read 
Spirigerina, d'Orb. 
THE COMPARATIVE GEOLOGY OF HOTHAM, N'E.iR SOUTH 
CAVE, YORKSHIEE. 
By the Eev. T. W. JToewood, of Cheltenham. 
{Continued from page 424.) 
II. It is about a mile across the Lower Lias, on which the villages of 
North Cave and Hotham are situated, to another gently-rising ground 
which ascends out of Hotham Park to the eastward in a beautiful 
sloping bank, and being tastefully planted with stately trees, contributes 
very much to the charm of the scenery. Coming in with my hammer 
to the ancient village, in the bright and odorous evenings of midsummer, 
I have often been arrested by the sweetness of this place ; and, enamoured 
of its serene and peaceful beauty, I have loitered to admire its dark 
plantations, and the greensward slope that I am now describing, and 
the illuminated wold rising high in the distance. It is the low escarp- 
ment of the Middle Lias which declines thus pleasantly into the park 
at Hotham. As we go out of North Cave towards Beverley, this bank 
may be observed to rest upon soft blue shales, which have hitherto 
supplied no fossils. "When we begin to ascend it, we may turn into a 
copse on the right-hand side and study the section in a marl-pit, or we 
may notice the roadside cutting. In either case, we shall observe that 
the beds change as follows : — From blue shales at the bottom and lower 
part of the ascent, through brown earthy-looking shales and sand with 
irregular broken bands of nodular clay-ironstone, one of which enclosed 
