NORWOOD — GEOLOGY OF HOTHAM. 
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dbjectus and H. velatus ; Lima duplicata ; Pecten demissus ; a small variety 
of IVigonia costata ; a large flat Pinna ; and species of Ostraaa, Modiola, 
and Nerinaa. 
Mr. Lycett, however, has recorded his opinion that "perhaps the 
genus Nerincsa has not been found in any deposit older than the Oolite- 
Marl" 
I am disposed to attach considerable strati graphical importance to 
the well-ascertained occurrence of Pygaster semisulcatus at Hothani 
quarry, because Dr. Wright, than whom there is no higher authority 
on the question, has said in his great " Monograph on the Oolitic 
Echinodermata " that " it is extremely doubtful whether Pygaster 
semisulcatus has been found as yet out of the English Inferior Oolite ;" 
and he adds that two distinct species of the genus Pygaster exist in the 
Oolites in Yorkshire — viz., one collected from the Inferior Oolite of 
Whitwell, and the other (P. umbrella) from the Coralline Oolite of 
Malton. Assuming, then, on this testimony, that the Inferior Oolite 
is found at Hotham, it appears to be bounded approximately towards 
the east by the high-road from South Cave to Market Weigh ton, just 
beyond which another rock crops out in a sand-hole. In the large quarry 
belonging to North Cave, which may be found near " Castle Earm," 
adjoining that of Hotham, the stone seems more brecciated, and its 
fossils are very fragmentary. Its slabs are overlaid with Millepores 
and debris of Echinodermata. 
The small hole which yet remains at Drewton, and is used for 
burning lime, has much the same lithological character which I have 
ascribed to the beds at Hotham ; it is sandy and comparatively un- 
fossiliferous, and its place is some distance to the west of the turnpike, 
nearly in a line with the two larger pits aforesaid. I collected there, 
after much trouble and several inspections, a well-preserved Pseudo- 
diadema depressum in no way distinguishable from Cotswoldian Inferior 
Oolite specimens, and a piece of Pygaster semisulcatus- This convinced 
me that I was still in the Hotham zone ; and I could detect no 
change in the rubbish on the ploughed lands till I reached the 
high-road. 
It will no doubt be thought that this zone presents but a very scanty 
fauna in comparison with the Cotswold Pisolites. And indeed there is 
a marked absence of many things which might have been expected, 
particularly of the Brachiopoda. I suspect, then, from the quality of 
the rock itself, the state in which its fossils are found, and the striking 
dearth of deep-water remains, that we may have here a brecciated and 
littoral condition of the Inferior Oolite sea ; which is perhaps not contrary 
to what weshould expect when we remember the peculiar character of the 
** Ligniferous Marl " below. This completes what I have to say about the 
Geology of Hotham, to which I propose to restrict myself for the present. 
