504 
THE GEOLOGIST. 
that I believe to be subsidence, and surely the unheaval of lands is not more 
extraordinary than their depression ; at all events, both phenomena have 
repeatedly occurred on a very large scale, and in conclusion I thanlifully shelter 
my opinion behind the strong shield of Sir Charles Lyell, who says in his 
" Principles of Geology," p. 289, " If we could compare with equal accuracy the 
ancient and actual state of all the islands and continents, we should probably 
discover that millions of our race are now supported by lands situated where 
deep seas prevailed in earlier ages. In many districts not yet occupied by man, 
land, animals, and forests now abound, where ships once sailed ; and on the other 
hand, we shall find on inquiry that inroads of the ocean have been no less con- 
siderable. When to these revolutions produced by aqueous causes, we add 
analogous changes wrought by igneous agency, we shall perliaps acknowledge the 
justice of the conclusion of Aristotle, who declared (Meteorics, chap. 12) that ' the 
whole land and sea on our globe periodically changed places.' " 
In the Geological Section, under the presidency of Wm. Hopkins, M.A., F.R.S., 
the following papers were read : — 
T. W. ErnbUtxm. — On the Northern Division of the Yorkshire Coal Field. 
Sev. J. W. Norwood.— On the Comparative Geology of Hothiim, near Cave. 
J. W. Dawson. — On Vegetable Structnre visible in the Coal of Nova Scotia. 
a. Bevan, Af.D.— On the Marine Shell Bed of the South Wales Coal Basin. 
jfe-'. Trollope.— On the Geology of a part of Lincolnshire hitherto unexplained. 
Eev. F. F. Statham.— On the Geology of the Snilly Islands. 
Sorby, B. C. — On the efiect of currents in producing the structure of the Millstone Grit. 
T, P. Teale. — On the Deposits of the Aire Valley. 
J. O, Marshall. — On the Geology of the Lake District. 
W. Pevgelly.— On a recently ditcovtrcd Ossiferous Cavern, at Brixham, Devon ; and On the 
progress made in the excavation at the Brixham Bone Cave, by Professor Ramsay. 
Professor Phillips. — On the Hematite Ores of North Lancashire, and a communication from R. Baker, 
Jan., on the Hematite deposits of West Cumberland. 
Professor Harkness. — On the Origin of Breccias of the Southern portion of the valley of the Nith. 
AVbarty Hancock. — Remarks on certain vermiform fossils found in the Mountain Limestone Districts of 
the North of England. 
W. Pengelly. — On an Ichthyolite found in the Devonian Slates of East Cornwall. 
On the Trilobite found at the Knoll Hill, Newton Abbott, Devon. 
David Page.— On the Skeleton of a Seal from the Pleistocene Clays of Stratheden, Fifeshire. 
Professor PhiUips. — Notice of some phenomena at the junction of the granitic and schistose rocks iu 
West Cumberland, and on the slaty cleavage in the Lake District. 
Professor Harkness — On the distortion of Fossils. 
Professor King. — On the jointed structure of Rocks, particularly as displayed in some localities 
in Ireland. 
H. C. Sorby. — On some peculiarities in the arrangement of the minerals in igneous Rocks, and on a 
new method of determining the temperature and pressure at which various minerals and rocks 
were found. 
David Page.— YxMaeT contributions to the palaeontology of the " Tile-stones," or Siluro-Devonian 
strata of Scotland. 
Professor Huxley. — Observations on the genus Pteraspis. 
Cliarles Moore. — On the conglomerates near Frome, and their orr^anic remains. 
Edward Charlesworth. — On some remarkable Yorkshire Fossils, including the unique Plesiosauri in 
the Museum at York, with pictorial restorations, by Mr, Waterhouse Hawkins, of the Crystal Palace. 
Rev. Wm. Thorpe — On the Permian System in Yorkshire. 
Lucas Barrett. — On the Atlas and Axis of the Plesiosaurus. 
S. Baines.— On Yorkshire Flags with Fossils. 
Professor Rogers.— On the discovery of Strata of supposed Permian Age in the Interior of North 
America, by Mr. Meek and other American Geologists. 
John WoUey, Jun., Observations on the arrangements of the small Stones on certain bare 
levels in Northern Localities. 
W. JfaH/ieu's.— Photographs of the Rowley Rag Quarry at Ponk Hill in Walsall. 
T. W. yitt-insoi!,— Volcanos of Cential Asia, commencing with the Baikal in Oriental Siberia, and 
extending into Mengalid and Chinese Tartary. 
Alphonse Gages. — On some Molecular Phenomena produced by the action of Acids on Hydrous 
Magnesian Rocks, &c. 
Professor Owen. — On a new Genus and Species of Pterodaclyle, with remarks on the Geological Distri- 
bution of the Flying Reptiles. 
Sir R. 1. jt/U)-c/iiso)2. — Results of recent research among the older Rocks of the Scottish Highlands. 
Professor Nicol. — On the Age and Relations of the Gneiss Rocks in the North of Scotland. 
David Page.— On the Relations of the Metamorphic and older Palaeozoic Rocks of Scotland. 
Dr. Anderson. —On the Fossils and Yellow Sandstone of Dm'a Den. 
Steplien Eddy. — On the lead-bearing distriets of North Yorkshire. 
W. H. Baily.— On the new Species of Crustacea from the Coal Measures in Queen's County, Ireland; 
and some remarks on fonns allied to them. 
On the fructification of Alethopteris (Cyclopteris) Hiberuica, from the Upper Devonian 
or Lower Caibonifcroiis strata at Kiltorkan IliU, County Kilkenny. 
