140 
The Kmu. 
over the South Island and the southern parts of the North Island, but it did 
not reach Auckland until 1865. It has also spread to the Chatham Islands, 
Snares, Auckland Islands, and Campbell Island. Evidently it is a new 
arrival, for the restless habits of the bird forbid us from thinking that it had 
remained for many years in Otago without spreading northward. I should 
call the White -eye a wanderer, and not a straggler, for, unlike the others, it 
crossed the ocean in sufficiently large numbers to establish itself both in 
New Zealand and afterwards in the outlying islands. Several other of our 
birds — especially some of the Herons, Rails, and Ducks — are also found in 
Australia, and these we assume were at one time wanderers like the White- 
eye. They also, at different times crossed over the sea, and became 
naturalised, but long before the settlement of the countr^^ by Europeans." 
The more regular migrants — those that breed in Siberia and 
Kamtchatka, and travel to the South to winter — are next 
considered. Of the feathered stream which passes every year 
through the Malay Archipelago to Australia, a small branch — 
three or four species — leaves New Guinea for New^ Zealand. Of 
these the Barred-rumped God wit {Liniosa novce-zealaudicc) is the 
best known. Leaving their breeding grounds in Eastern 
Siberia the end of June or in July, and passing China, some 
winter in the Island of Formosa. Others arrive in August or 
September in Australia,* Fiji, &c., departing again northv/ard 
earl}- in autumn. In New Zealand many Godwits arrive during 
October, November, and December, spreading as far south as 
Stewart Island,-f" and leaving about the end of March or 
beginning of April. Some also visit the Chatham Islands. 
The Turnstone {A^'enaria utterpi^es), the Knot [Tringa 
caiiutus), the Brown-eared Sandpiper, or Sharp-tailed Stint 
{^Heteropygia aauninata), and the Spotted (Lesser Golden) 
Plover {CJiaradrius doniinicus), are mentioned, with equally 
interesting records and details. With regard to a pair of 
Golden Plover having bred at Portland Island, as reported by 
Mr. C. H. Robson, most students will agree with Captain 
Hutton that the occurrence, if a fact — with the birds, too, being 
in winter or non-breeding dress — is certainly^ very remarkable. 
As has been pointed out, such introduced birds as European 
Linnets, Starlings, Goldfinches, &c., change both dress and 
breeding season together on coming to the Southern Hemi- 
sphere. 
The two Cuckoos — the Bronze {Chalcococcyx liicidus) and the 
Long-tailed {Urodynaniis taitensis) — furnish material for some 
exceedingly interesting paragraphs. The Bronze Cuckoo 
appears regular!}^ in the northern parts of New Zealand during 
the latter half of September, and early in October it is found in 
Wellington and in the South Island. After breeding, the old 
birds commence to return in January. Some of the young leave 
considerably later than their parents. In the adjacent Chatham 
* In spring — September or October— numbers of these birds are often offered for 
sale in the Melbourne market. — Eds. 
+ Three Godwits were shot by Mr Borchgrevink on Campbell Island, during the 
cruise of the whaler Antarctic, 1894. — Eds. 
