PENGELLT — FOSSILS OF DEVON AND CORNWALL. 
17 
less varied, the fossils are frequently as numerous individually in 
the slate as in the limestone. 
It must be understood that any one of the ten columns just noticed 
shows, not the total number of species common to the areas the 
initials of which stand at its head, but simjoly the number at once 
common and restricted to them collectively ; thus the second of these 
columns, headed L. S. D., L. C, shows that five species are common 
and restricted to Lower South Devon and Lower Cornwall, but in 
the third column we find one species common to them and also to 
Lower North Devon, in the fourth one common to them and to 
Upper North Devon, and in the eighth one found in each of them 
and also in Upper North Devon and Upper Cornwall ; hence there 
are eight species common to the two areas instanced, five of which 
are restricted to them collectively, and three not. The same expla- 
nation applies to the other areas. The total number of species found 
in any area will be ascertained by adding the figures in all the 
columns marked "Peculiar to " and "Common to," at the heads of 
which the initials of the area are found ; thus, for example, a total of 
forty-seven species of Zoophyta occurs in Lower South Devon, of 
which forty are not found elsewhere in Devon and Cornwall. More- 
over, as the column marked "Species" shows that the two counties 
have yielded forty-nine species belonging to this class, it is evident 
that two of the total number have not been met with in Lower 
South Devon; and so on for the other classes and areas, as is shown 
in the five columns headed " Totals," and distinguished by the initials 
of the areas. Eanged according to their peculiar specific fossil 
wealth the areas stand, in descending order, thus : — Lower South 
Devon, Upper North Devon, Upper Cornwall, Lower Cornwall, and 
Lower North Devon ; the order is the same when the total number 
of species found in them is considered, with the single exception 
that, in that case, Lower North Devon and Lower Cornwall are 
equal. 
Of the three hundred and forty-seven species, sixty -seven are met 
with in various parts of continental Europe, and seven in North 
America ; six of the latter being included in the European sixty-seven, 
and one of the six is also found in New South Wales ; thus making 
a total of sixt^^-eight species common to Devon and Cornwall and 
districts beyond the British Isles.* 
Comparatively few of the Devonian fossils of Devon and Cornwall 
appear to have been derived from the Silurian Eauna ; eight species 
only — just enough to suggest a problem or two — are ivferable to 
that earlier period ; namely, three Corals, two Brachiopods, two 
Lamellibranchiates — one from each of the sections Monomyaria and 
Dimyaria — and one Cephalopod. The three corals are Favosites Jibrosa, 
Emmonsia heinispJicsrica, and Chonophyllum perfoliatum. The first 
has been found in Lower Silurian rocks at Landovery, in the upper 
* See in Table I. the columns headed Eu. (continental Europe), Eu. Am. (Europe 
and America), Am. (America), En. Am. Au. (Europe, America.and Australia.) 
VOL. V. D 
