ON A FOSSIL ELEPHANT EEOM TEXAS {E. Texianus). 
By Chaeles Caeter Blake, Esq. 
The existence of a fossil species of true elephant distinct from 
Elephas primigenius in America has been only of late years brought 
under the notice of palaeontologists. I have slightly alluded to the 
subject in the ' Geologist,' Vol. IV. p. 470. For many years remains 
of true Elephant have been found with those of Mastodon at various 
spots v^ithin the New AVorld. 
Cuvier (' Ossements Eossiles,' ed. 1834, vol. ii. p. 145) mentions 
only one species of American elephant, the remains of which had 
been discovered in Kentucky, Carolina, Ohio, Mexico, Louisiana, 
Virginia, and Maryland. 
De Blainville (' Osteographie,' Elephans, p. 157 : Atlas, pi. x.) 
alludes to a tooth of fossil elephant from Texas, which is apparently 
referable to Elephas primigenius. He also mentions other remains 
from Mexico, Mississippi, Carolina, Kentucky, Ohio, Maryland, Vir- 
ginia, and Behring's Straits. 
Leidy ('Nebraska Eauna,' 1852, p. 9) recognizes specific distinc- 
tion between the European and American species of elephant, and 
terms the latter E. Ainericanus. 
Humboldt (' Cosmos,' vol. i. p. 280) alludes to certain elephantine 
remains from the Mexican plateau, but gives no description which 
might identify the species. 
Dr. Carpenter (Silliman's Journal, 2nd series, vol. i. p. 244) de- 
scribes a collection of elephant and mastodon remains, collected by 
Mr. William Huff, from the banks of the Brazos river, near San 
Eelipe de Austin (Texas), some of whicli are at present in the British 
Museum. Through the kindness of Mr. G. R. Waterhouse, I have 
been enabled to identify them as those originally alluded to by Dr. 
Carpenter. 
The most complete, elaborate, and philosophical conspectus of the 
affinities of the Order Proboscidea has been tliat from the pen of 
Dr. Falconer (Quarterly Journal Geographical Society, 1857, p. 319, 
and 1858, p. 81), in which he distinctly recognizes an American spe- 
cies of elephant {Euelephas Columhi), which he says has hitherto 
been undescribed. He places this apart from Eueleplias primigenius^ 
in the same group as E. Indicus and Armeniacus, of which group he 
discriminates the character as having " Colliculi approximati, maclice- 
ridihus valde tuidulatis The detailed exposition of his memoir has 
not been published up to February, 1862, although it was read on 
June 3, 1857. 
Mr. William Bollaert, F.R.G.S., who has contributed original me- 
moirs on the geography of Texas to the Geographical Society (Jour- 
nal, 1851, vol. XX. p. 115), mentions the fact that he was the dis- 
coverer of a tooth of " Mastodon" from San Felipe de Austin, Texas. 
This tooth was carefully preserved by him, and was submitted to me 
YOL. Y. I 
