FOREIGN CORlir.SPONDENCE. 
75 
dclberg. Mr. Seybel, the owner of an extensive chemical manufactory at 
Liesin^, near A^ienua, has lately procured a lari^e quantity of lepidolite 
from Eozena, Moravia, and of lithium-mica from the Zimwald, Bohemia, 
for the preparation of the three metals above-mentioned. From the re- 
sults of Professor Pefers' recent examination of the miocene strata of 
Hidas, in southern Hungary, and from the observations made by M. Hant- 
ken on the foraminiferal strata in the Cerithian limestone series, near 
Buda-Pesth, there appear additional proofs of the existence, in Hungary, 
of marine deposits containing a fauna analogous to that of the Cerithian 
strata in the older marine deposits of the Vienna basin.* 
Dr. Lorenz has given the following information regarding the Gulf of 
Quarnero:* — "This gulf, situated at the north-east end of the Adriatic, 
between the Illyrian and Hungarian shores, a square degree in extent, re- 
ceives uniformly cold freshwater currents, which impart to the waters of 
the gulf a temperature below the average of that of the Adriatic. The at- 
mospheric currents affecting it are either regular or casual ; among the 
latter tlie ' Bora,' coming from the north, after having passed over the 
south Alpine ranges, is remarkable for its impetuosity and low temperature. 
The difference between high and low v. ater, as observed during five succes- 
sive years along the whole coast from Quarnero to Lesina, does not exceed 
a foot and a half. The tide rises only once in twenty-four hours, loses two 
days every month, and does not seem to be more influenced by lunar 
phases than by winds or other transient causes. The drift-currents depend 
chiefly on the atmospheric pressure and currents obtaining within the nar- 
row channels separating the islets from each other; and, by taking into 
account the existing meteorological condition, they may be easily known 
and foreseen ; a great advantage to the vessels navigating this small archi- 
pelago. 
" The vegetable organisms in the Quarnero are distributed among one 
super-littoral and four marine zones, having their maxima at the respective 
depths of I, 8, 20, and 45 fathoms. Tlie higher these zones the more they 
number new forms and bear a characteristic type. The DiatomacecB, ana- 
logous in this respect to the animal organisms, follow a diflerent rule of 
distribution, their new forms becoming more numerous with increasing 
depth. The habitats of nearly 600 species of Algcc (among which are above 
300 Diatomacece) have been ascertained. 
" The 700 animal species {Infusoria excepted) which have been observed 
in the Quarnero (the greatest depth of which is not above 50 or 60 fathoms) 
differ in their distribution from the vegetables ; the maxima of their sub- 
marine zones having the depths of |, 4, 15, 30, and 50 fathoms. 
" The organic character of the Adriatic shores is different from the fa- 
cies of other less circumscribed seas, chiefly in consequence of its anomalous 
tides ; a circumstance to be specially considered if ever artificial oyster- 
breeding should be intended, such as already exists on the Atlantic coasts 
of France under quite different physical conditions.* 
" A small colony of ' Boreal ' forms, characterized by the presence of 
Nephrops Norvegicus, has taken possession of the depths M'herever springs 
of cold freshwater, rising from the bed of the Gulf, have afforded them fa- 
vourable conditions of existence. If compared with other marine faunje, 
the fauna of the Quarnero shows notable difierences only in its higher 
zones. At 30 fathoms depth it is nearly identical with the Baltic fauna of 
the same zone ; and at 50 fathoms the faunas of all European seas may be 
regarded as being quite uniform in character." 
* Proceed. Vienna Imp. Acad., Oct. 10, 1861. Proceed. Imp. Acad. Sciences, Vieiin'^, 
Nov. 7 and 14, 18(51. See the ' Mouiteur,' 1861, No. 97- (Communicated by Comit 
Marschall.) 
