BOLLA.ERT — XEW MASS OF METEOEIC IRON". 
89 
beds can be traced tlirougb Hope on to Hatbersege ; and along tbe 
brook side, below Mam Tor, a good section is displayed, where 
tliev are seen abutting against the lower limestones. Along: the 
stream at Hope good sections are also exposed, and they are seen in 
several places on the road to Bradwell. The bottom beds of the 
shales are intercalated with stony bands composed of the remnants of 
encrinite-stems and fragments of shells, and have been caused by the 
denudation of the limestone during their formation. The bottom 
shales are ricb in Avicido-pectens, Goniatifes, Posidonia, etc., and the 
numerous iron-stone bands higher up the hill are rich in small gonia- 
tites, which are frequently found pyritized. 
The most striking peculiarity of these shales is the fact that about 
a couple of miles from Castleton, where they rest upon the limestone, 
the bitumen which has steeped them has also percolated and oozed 
out into the limestone, turning it quite black, as also the fossils 
which, when split open, are often seen to contain a little globule of 
bitumen. Here we see the decomposed remains of two subdivisions 
separated by a great gulf of time, mingling together, both testifying 
to the great law of death which has prevailed since the dawn of life. 
AVhen the fossils of the limestone are cleft open, they are often seen 
to contain a little globule of bitumen. Do not all the labours of the 
geologist prove that deatli is as much a natural law as that of birth, 
and that creation has been concomitant with extinction, as with indi- 
viduals has been life and death ? 
NOTES ON A NEW MASS OF METEORIC lEON FEOM 
THD CORDILLERA OE COPIAPO, CHILE. 
By Wm. BOLLA.ERT, E.R.G.S., 
Cor. 3fem. Univ. Chile and Amer. Ethnological Socieli/, etc. 
This was found by a muleteer, in June, 1858, when passing the 
Cordillera from Catamarca to Copiapo, and brought by him to the 
latter city. He took it to be a rodado, or piece of silver-ore that had 
been broken from a vein and rounded by being washed with stones, 
say in the bed of a river ; but on its being examined by Dr. David 
Garcia (a pupil of Domeyko), at Copiapo, he pronounced it to be a 
mass of meteoric iron. 
Dr. D. Garcia is tiie 
manager of the " Tran- 
sito" maquina or silver 
amalgamating works, 
and has this specimen 
in his possession. Air. 
Abbott tells me it is 
considered a most inte- 
resting specimen, being 
so perfect (not a broken 
fragment), and whole, 
YOJi. V. 
Meteorite from Copiapo. 
