114 
THE GEOLOGIST. 
sand feet above their original level, throwing them into high angles, as 
well as dislocating, fracturing, squeezing, and crumpling them : in this 
wa}^ vast continents and mountain- chains have been formed. On the 
other hand, movements of dei)ression have plunged beds far below their 
original level. Both kinds of disturbances have often been followed by- 
extensive climatal changes, which have materially affected the life-system 
of our planet. 
8. Vegetable and animal life has existed on the earth during an im- 
mense and undefinable period. 
9. The plants and animals, whose remains are entombed so frequently 
in Aqueous rocks, have in general lived while the deposits containing 
them were in process of formation. 
10. Successive creations and extinctions of plants and animals have 
taken place ; so that, of the innumerable kinds [species) which have been 
in existence, only a comparatively small number is now living. 
11. The life-system of our earth, in its various phases, has undergone 
*' an advance and progress in the main." 
EEYIEWS. 
Worhs of Julius Srhvarcz, Ph.D. 
1. A Fajtakerdes Szinvonala hdrom er elott. Pest, 8vo, 1861. 
2. Foldtani Elmeleteh a Hellensegnel nagy sdndor Kordig. Pest, 8vo, 
1861. 
3. RechercJies sur les Theories giologiques des Grecs. Memoire prese^ite 
a V Academie des Sciences. Vienna, 8vo, 1861. 
4. Lampsacusi Strata, adalek a tudomdny t'drtenetehez. Pest, 8vo, 
1861. 
5. La Geologic Antique, ei les Fragments du Clazomenien. Memoire 
presents a la 28^ Session du Congres Scientiftque de France. Pest, 
4to, 1861. 
It is with much pleasure that English geologists and paleontologists re- 
ceive the intelligence that the controversy on the Origin of Species, car- 
ried on with increased vigour and animosity since the publication of Mr. 
Charles Darwin's deservedly esteemed work, has spread its exciting influ- 
ence as far as the base of the Carpathians. Dr. Julius Schvarcz, a learned 
Hungarian, has recently published the works the titles of which we give 
above, and which embody the matured reflections of the most advanced 
paleeontological school. This gentleman's works are published in the 
Magyar language ; we believe that it is the first time that this ancient 
TTgrian dialect has been used to disseminate the principles of jSTatural 
Selection. The Age of Man, his contemporaneity with the extinct animals, 
the Abbeville discoveries, and the distribution over the surface of the globe 
of fossils monkeys, are all discussed in these works with an erudition sur- 
prising to English geologists, who are not prepared to find that the war- 
fare carried on in the Zoological Section of the British Association in 
1860 attracted attention in Hungarian scientific circles. The principles of 
Dr. Schvarcz seem ultra-transmutationist. He dates the creation of man to 
a period far transcending in remoteness the historical period, and endorses 
the opinions of Sir C. Lyell and Mr. Darwin. The most interesting work of 
his is that one [Recherches sur les Theories Geologiques des Gh^ecs) in which 
