134 
THE GEOLOGIST. 
leave their peculiar imprints. While the mud is drying, it separates 
and produces what are termed sun-cracks, whicli are always present 
in the laver which has preserved foot-marks in the sandstones of the 
Connecticut Valley." 
That the footprints and rain-marks of the Connecticut sandstone 
might have been made on the banks of a river or estuary, Sir C. Lyell 
has shown in his ' Travels in North America,' vol. i. p. 254, and vol. ii. 
p. 168 ; ' Principles of Geology,' 9th edit., p. 203 ; ' Anniv. Address 
to the Geol. Society, 1851 ;' ' Manual of Geology,' 5th edit., pp. 348, 
384 ; and * jN'otices of the Eoyal Institution,' vol. i. p. 57. Dr. James 
Deane* (who first drew the attention of naturalists to these fossils) 
and Prof. Hitclicock,t in America, have explained and illustrated 
these vestigial phenomena with great labour and skill. 
In Britain we have a plentiful supply of equally obscure phenomena 
in the ArenicoU/es, Scolites, Ilelminthites, and Vermiculiies of the 
Silurian, Carboniferous, and other rocks, and in the foot-tracks in the 
Millstone-grit of Tintwistle, in the Coal-measures of Dalkeith and 
the Forest of Deane, in the Permian sandstones of Corncockle Muir, 
Dumfriesshire, and other places, in the New Red Sandstone of An- 
nandale, in the New Eed deposits of Cheshire and Warwickshire, in 
manifold markings on the Forest-marble, and in the great trifid foot- 
marks and other prints in the Wealden of Sussex. That these great 
trifid footprints, the casts of which were found by Mr. E. Tag- 
gdiViX and Mr. Beckles,§ and carefully described by the latter, should 
prove to have been made by the three-toed Iguanodon is not unlikely, 
* 'Boston Journ. Natural History Soc.,' vol. v. p. 282. 'Mem. Americ. Acad. Arts 
and Sc.,' new series, vol. iv. p. 209 (9 plates). 'Journ. Acad. Nat. Scienc, Philadel- 
phia,' 2nd series, vol. ii. p. 71 ; vol. iii. p. 173. ' Silliman's Journal,' vol. xlv. p. 178 ; 
vol. xlvi. p. 73 ; xlvii. p. 292; xlviii. p. 158; xlix. p. 213 ; new series, vol. iii. p. 75 ; 
V. p. 40. ' Ichnographs from the Sandstone of Connecticut River,' 1861, Boston (46 
plates.) 
t 'Memoirs American Academy,' new series, vol. iii. p. 129. 'Boston Journ. Nat. 
Hist. Soc.,' vol. vi. p. 111. 'Elementary Geology,' new edit., 1860, p. 181. 'Report 
on the Geology of Massachusetts,' p. 477, etc. ' Geology of the Globe,' p. 98. ' Silli- 
man's Journal,' vol. i. p. 105 ; vi. pp. 1, 201 ; vii. p. 1 ; xxix. p. 307; xxxi. p. 174; 
xxxii. p. 174; xlvii. p. 292; 2nd series, iv. p. 46. 
+ Joura. Geol. Soc, vol. ii. p. 267. 
§ Quart. Journ. Geol. Soc, vol. vii. p. 117; viii. p. 396; and x. p. 456, pi. 19. 
Fig. 7. 
