272 
THE GEOLOGIST. 
fertile valleys were chains of lakes and morasses, whicb. have been drained 
and converted into alluvial land by the natural deepening of the river 
channels." The black putrid mud in which the lignite is embedded, shows, 
in my humble opinion, what I could not before understand, how quartz 
pebbles have been introduced into coal. The mud has contained quartz 
pebbles, and been subjected to gradual but strong pressure, and if I may 
use the term, turned into coal, which retains the quartz pebbles that ever 
and anon crack with a loud noise in our domestic hearths. — P. S., White- 
inch, near Glasgoiv. 
Classification of Animals. — In order tliat our readers may have the 
opportunity of examining the latest classification of animals, as expounded 
by the most advanced school of zoologists, the following table is inserted, 
which is adapted from the classification of Professors Huxley and Eeay 
Greene (Jukes's 'Manual of Geology,' pp. 376 and 710). The groups to 
which an E. is attached were classified by Cuvier under Radiata. 
1. SuBKiNGDOM VEETEBEATA. 
Province Abranchiata. 
Class Mammalia. 
„ AVES. 
„ Eeptilia. 
Province Sranchiata. 
Class Amphibia. 
„ Pisces. 
2. SuBKiNGDOM MOLLUSCA. 
Province 1. Odontophora. 
Class Cephalopoda. 
„ Pteeofoda. 
,, Pulmonogasteeopoda. 
„ Beanchiogasteropoda. 
Province 2. Lamellibranchiata. 
Class CONCHIFERA. 
Province 3. Molluscoida. 
Class Beachiopoda. 
„ POLTZOA, E. 
„ ASCIDIOIDA. 
3. SuBKiNGDOM ANNULOSA. 
Province 1. Articulata or Arthro- 
jooda. 
Class Insecta. 
„ Myeiapoda. 
„ Aeachnida. 
„ Ceustacea. 
Province 2. Annulata. 
Class Annelida. 
Province 3. Annuloida. 
Class SCOLECIDA, E. 
„ EOTIFEEA, E. 
„ ECHINODEEMATA, E. 
4. SuBKiNGD. CCELENTEEATA. 
Class AcTiNozoA, E. 
,, Htdeozoa, E. 
5. SuBKINGDOM PEOTOZOA. 
Province 1. Siomatoda. 
Class Infusoeia, E. 
Province 2. Astomata. 
Class Spongida, E. 
,, Ehizopoda, E. 
„ Geegaeinida, E. 
Mammalian Eemains. — A considerable quantity of bones and teeth of 
the extinct mammals has been found in the Ouse valley, in the vicinity of 
Bedford, during the past month, but the greater proportion were much 
broken on their removal from the gravel. The new line of railway from 
Bedford to Cambridge passes, through several miles of the Drift, but owing 
