NOTES AND QUEEIES. 
313 
ness, in a dark grey clay-slate, having the same dip-strike as the accom- 
panying rocks." The " Grauwacke " of this part of the country consists 
generally of stone-grey rock, alternating with beds of slate ; the thickness 
of the masses of each kind being very variable, in some cases a few inches 
only of slate or hard rock, in others from fifty to a hundred feet of either. 
Some of the hard masses contain pebbles, usually about the size of a pea, 
but often as much as one or two inches in diameter. Occasionally the rock 
is massive, and so much altered by metamorphic action, that were it not 
for the pebbles it might be mistaken for a greenstone. 
A case similar to this was reported by Professor Harkness to the British 
Association in 1852, at Eattenside, near Greskin, about four miles above 
the Beatock station on the Caledonian Railway ; the anthracite is seen in 
the Evan Water, and this can be traced E.N.E. to Hartfell, and from 
thence into Peeblesshire and Selkirkshire." Of the rock which contains it 
he savs, " Tliis slate extends E.^N^.E. and \V .S.T\'^. It is seen at Slobo, in 
Peeblesshire, and in the summit cutting of the Caledonian Pailway, where 
it shows great thickness. From thence it extends westward through 
Lanarkshire and the north-east of Dumfriesshire to Cairn Eyan, in Wig- 
ton shire." 
Dr. Whitty thinks, that " as those Silurian or Grauwacke rocks of the 
Pentland Hills and south of Scotland are admitted to be the counterpart 
of our Grauwacke rocks in the North of Ireland, and are in fact a con- 
tinuation of the same formation, it is more than probable that the anthra- 
cite of the county of Cavan is a production of the bed in Scotland, and 
extends all the way between them, through the counties of Down, Ar- 
magh, and Monaghan." A trial pit was sunk by Dr. Whitty at Kell, and 
a specimen of the anthracite analysed : its composition being carbon 
77-64, water 4-35, ash 18-01 (= 100 00). "It contains no bitumen, and 
therefore is ill-suited for ordinary domestic purposes, but would answer 
■well for burning lime or bricks and drying malt, when mixed with a small 
portion of bituminous coal or turf to ignite it. Once made red, it gives 
out a powerful heat, and continues it a great length of time. It will also 
be found most efficient for smiths' work." 
It is well worth while to keep these facts before the geological world ; 
and it should not be forgotten that in the south of Scotland graptolites 
are very prevalent in the anthracite, or rather in the anthracite shales. 
Further I^otes on Humax Skulls from Heathery Burn Cave, 
Weardale, Durham ; with a Notice of the Eiyer bed Skeleton 
from Leicester. — I have been asked to give a few supplementary remarks 
on the fragmentary human remains from this cave, in addition to those 
made by Professor Huxley (' Geologist,' vol. v. p. 204). The observa- 
tions made by him led him to express an opinion that the Weardale re- 
mains belonged " to the same race of rather small and lightly-made men, 
with prominent superciliary ridges and projecting nasal bones," as the 
Muskham, Towyn-y-Capel, Sennen, Borris, and Blackwater skulls. In the 
spirit of these observations I cordially concur. 
Particular description of the remains being, however, requisite, I pro- 
ceed to remark that no perfect skull has hitherto been found in the 
Heathery Burn Cave. The most perfect, though not the most charac- 
teristic, is the one of which Mr. Mackie has given an excellent drawing (p. 
201), and which I shall denominate A. Another skull is only represented 
by the osfrontis and a small part of the parietal, and is far more striking. 
I name this B for facility of description. 
The calvarium, or vertex of a skull marked A, is not that of an aged in- 
dividual. A large part of the frontal suture is persistent. The frontal 
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