GEOLOGICAL liTOTES IN THE GEEAT EXHIBITION. 
344 
In these remarks we mean nothing whatever of personal reflection on 
Mr. Tindall, from whom, on all occasions when we have required it, we 
have received the greatest courtesy ; but we think he is mistaken in re- 
spect to the nature both of the implements he has in his own large collec- 
tion, as well as those he has seen in other collections. 
Our opinion is that the mass of any real {i.e. not forged) flint-implements 
or weapons found in Yorkshire belong to a later or more immediately pre- 
historic period than that of the Drift gravels, and may come from graves 
or the debris of graves or be strewed on the soil. So far as I have seen, 
the Yorkshire large-pointed specimens are far smaller than even the small- 
est of the Abbeville and other true Drift examples, and it is highly desi- 
rable that the most reliable evidence be given to the world of their actual 
stratigraphical position. Mr. Tindall and other collectors and writers on 
this topic should remember, that where the practised eye has to judge of 
mere manipulatory results, the finest and most delicate difl^erences may be 
of the greatest value. Let Mr. Tindall supply these facts. Let him give 
us the list of the Yorkshire implements and their localities, and give with 
each its position in the earth's strata, or state what other relics were found 
with it in the same grave, and then we shall have something tangible to 
work upon, and shall not spoil good paper in vague surmises and vain as- 
sertions. I have no preconceived vien-s to advocate, I only want to get at 
the truth ; and I do not mind what side I take, provided only that it 
really be the ri(/ht side ; but I do think the questions involved in these 
considerations so important that the evidence should be most searchingly 
investigated in every case before it be accepted ; and it would be worse 
than culpable for the editor of the ' Geologist ' knowingly to allow such a 
jumble of historic with fossil relics to pass unravelled. Science wants no 
man's assertion : she requires all the evidence on this topic to be well sub- 
stantiated, and to be supported by abundant testimony. — S. J. Mackie.] 
aEOLOGICAL NOTES IN THE GEEAT EXHIBITION. 
South Austealia. — The main feature in this colony is the Mount 
Lofty Range, or Adelaide Hills, as they are indifferently called, which, 
about 30 miles in length from north to south, rise to an elevation of 
2400 feet, and wooded to their summit. Between these hills and the 
sea are the great Adelaide Plains, so notable for their great crops of wheat 
and other corn. The chief topics, however, for our notice, are the mineral 
products. The chief source of mineral wealth in South Australia is cop- 
per. The Burra-Burra mine has long been famous, while the astonishing 
yield of some of the mines on Yorke's Peninsula brings them into perfect 
rivalry with it. Again, to the north of Spencer's Gulf mineral discoveries 
of the highest value have been made, and only the requisite facilities for 
transport — labour and capital — are required to develop them. It is in that 
district that the works of the Great Northern Mining Company are in 
operation. 
The Burra-Burra mines — the vast productiveness of which is of world- 
wide celebrity — are about 90 miles N.E. from Adelaide, and the works 
were commenced, in 1845, in the copper rock which projected from 
the surface, with ten miners, a smith, and a captain. They now yield 
employment directly to upwards of 1100 persons. Although the works were 
VOL. V. 2 T 
