E1JBIDGE — KOCKS I'S THE CAPE TOWJi ETSTEICT. 
367 
show) of that of the Kromme and Kabeljouw region with those of 
the Zwartkops heights, and thence to the Fish Eiver. Still, Mr. Bain 
is too able a man, and has generally too good reason for what he does, 
for any opinion of his to be passed over lightly. My own observa- 
tions extend no further westward on this part of the coast than the 
region just mentioned; but as I think I can show that the relative 
positions of the quartzite mountain-ranges with the slate plains and 
valleys, clearly refer both to the like formations in the west, and as 
I have fossil and other evidence of their identity with the rocks fur- 
ther east, I will describe this region more fully. 
The Kromme (winding) river runs for some miles from its source 
through a quartzite range, some few strata of slate here and there 
appearing in its bed ; as, for instance, at the spot marked A in the 
sketch, where the slate contained vegetable stems. The main direc- 
tion of the range, Cougha and Baviaans Kloofbergen, is about north 
80° east. It sends off a branch, the Zitzi Komma (sometime called 
Kromme) heights, to Cape St. Francis, in direction north 44° west : 
another, some of the spurs of which skirt Hermansdorp and Hankey, 
the main direction being north 79° west. Thus these ranges diverge 
at an angle of about 35°; but, taking the spur, it would be nearer 
60°. The Cougha bergen are, perhaps, 1500 to 1800 feet high ; the 
Zitzi Komma 1000 to 1300. They are of quartzite sandstone of va- 
rious degrees of hardness and crystalline character, often saccharine, 
Plan of Country around St. Francis Bay.* 
A. Spot in the Kromme river where fossils were found. B. Devonian 
fossils near this spot. C. Devonian fossils at Hermansdorp. D. De- 
vonian fossils at Kabeljouw river mouth. 
sometimes ivory-like. The line subtending this angle, drawn from 
near the mouth of the Kromme to the most eastern portion of the 
Gamtoos below Hankey, would pass over scarce anything but slate ; 
with a slight curvature it would pass over no quartzite. As the 
strike of the slate is north 66° west, and the line nearly 15 miles long 
and making but a small angle with it, I believe the line would cross 
12 miles of the strike. The dip of the rocks is considerable here; so 
* The strike is too near perpendicular to the range of mountains, and the two ranges 
should have diverged at right angles. 
