PROCEEDINGS OF GEOLOGICAL SOCIETIES. 
151 
■which were intended as corrections of his own. He concluded by affirming, 
that, through the aid of Mr. Geikie, the proofs of the truthfulness of his own 
sections, showing a conformable ascending order from the quartz-rocks and 
limestones into crystalline and micaceous rocks, had now been extended over 
-such large areas that there could no longer be any misgivings on the subject, 
February 15, 1861. — Annual General Meeting. Leonard Horner, Esq., 
President, in the Chair. 
The Secretary read the Reports, and the Society both as to numbers and 
finances was stated to be highly satisfactory. 
The President announced the award of the Wollaston Gold Medal 1 o Professor 
Dr. H, G. Bronn, of Heidelberg, Foreign Member of the Society, for his long 
and successful labours in aiding the progress of geological science in general, 
and more Darticularly for the assistance he has afforded to the progress of 
Palaeontology, as evinced in his " Index Palaeoutologicus," and especially in his 
"work " On the Laws of the Development of the Organic World." The Presi- 
dent then announced the award of the Wollaston Donation Pund to M. Daubree, 
of Strasburg, to aid in the progress of synthetic experiments similar to those 
of which he had recently given an account, and which he had intimated his 
intention of continuing, with tae object of throwing light upon metamorphic 
action. 
The President then proceeded to read his Anniversary Address, and com- 
menced with biographical notices of some of the lately deceased Fellows of the 
Society, particularly the Rev. Baden PoweU, Dr. G. Buist, Lieut. -Gen. Sir H. 
E. Banbury, P. J. Martin, Esq., Sir C. Fellows, Prof. J. F. L. Hausmann, &c. 
The Ballot for the Council and Officers was taken, and the President, Leonard 
Horner, Esq., F.R.S.L. and E., was re-elected. 
February 20, 1861. 
1. " On the Coincidence between Stratification and Foliation in the Ciystal- 
line Rocks of the Highlands." By Sii- R. 1. Murchison, Y.P.G.S., and A. 
Geikie, Esq., F.G.S. 
Allusion was, in the first place, made to the early opinions of Hutton and 
^laculloch, who regarded the gneissic and schistose rocks of the Highlands as 
stratified. Mr. Darwin's view of the nature of the " foliation" of gneiss and 
schist were then referred to ; and it was insisted that this condition was not to 
be found in the rocks of the Higlilands ; the so-called " foliation" which the late 
Mr. D. Sharpe had described in 1816 as characterizing the crystalline rocks of 
that country being, according to the authors, really mineralized stratification. 
It was then pointed out that, as Prof. Sedgwick had previously insisted on the 
wide difierence between " foliated" or " schistose" and " cleaved" or " slaty" 
rocks, and as Prof. Ramsay had in ISIS recognised interlaminated quartz as 
bein^ parallel to stratification in the Isle of Arran, " foliation" should be regarded 
as coincident with stratification, and not with cleavage in the Scottish Highlands. 
After some observations on the occurrence of cleavage in slates at Dunkeld, 
Easdale, Ballahulish, and near the Spittal of Glenshee, the authors stated their 
belief that all the " foliation" of the crystalline rocks of the Highlands is no- 
thing more than lamination due to the sedimentary origin of deposits, in which 
sand, clav, lime, mica, &c., have subsequentlv been more or less altered, and 
that the " arches of foliation" described by Mr. D. Sharpe (Phil. Trans. 1852) 
correspond in a general way with the parallel anticlinal axes shown by the authors 
in a former paper to exist in the Highlands. They remarked, that the syn- 
clinal troughs, however, are not expressed in Mr. Sharpe's figures, and that he 
has omitted the bands of limestone which they refer to as an important evidence 
of the stratification of the district. They also pointed out the acknowledged 
difficulty which the quartzites presented to Mr. Sharpe, but wh'ch readilly full 
into the system of undulated strata that they have described. One of the 
