190 THE GEOLOGIST. 
" tieutral ground between the Downton and the (Upper) Tilestones" 
would have been clearly understood, had I introduced the bracketed 
word. 
As regards the littoral evidence given by star-fishes, it certainly is 
not so strong as it was prior to the discovery of certain forms in the 
deep-sea ; but the whole facies of the Hfe-remains from the Lower 
Ludlow beds is indicative of a shallow sea-zone. The Fterygotus 
with its great succulent body, whose remains are met with above and 
below the Starfish-bed, could not have been a deep-sea creature : 
and other, but smaller, shrimp-like forms are met with associated with 
Bryozoans, and what appear to me to be true Fuci. 
These are matters of much interest ; and I am pleased to find that 
the torch of search I have kindled in the pages of " The Geologist," 
to explore the dim haunts of Cephalaspis, and his kinsman Pteraspis, 
is not likely to be soon put out. Chiefly will it be kept alight by 
contributions from men, like my friend Lightbody, who are familiar 
alike with the creatures themselves and the far-off kingdoms they 
inhabited. — [ am, Sir, yours very truly, George E. Roberts. 
ON NEW BRACHIOPODA, AND ON THE DEVELOPMENT 
OF THE LOOP IN TEREBRATELLA. 
By Chaeles Mooee, F.G.S. 
( Contimed from vol. iii., page 445. 
In addition to the Brachiopoda noticed in this paper, I am pos- 
sessed of various minute specimens, which differ from any described 
species. Some of these may be the young of Brachiopoda that 
occm' in the beds in which they are found ; but until their passages 
into adult shells can be satisfactorily recognized, it will be undesirable 
to figure or describe them. Three examples of well marked and 
persistent forms are provisionally named and given below. 
S^irifera minima. Moore. PI. ii., figs. 19, 20. 
Shell microscopic, often one sided or unsymmetrical, slightly 
rugose ; valves moderately convex ; deltidium triangTdar ; area 
broad and flattened ; hinge-line broad ; front of shell rounded, in 
some specimens the shell presents a uniformly flattened surface, 
whilst in the majority the outer sm^face of the smaller valve possesses 
mesial folds, and in the larger valve a central sinus. 
Ohs. — This shell is not uncommon in the Inferior Oolite of Dundiy. 
Although no internal characters have yet been noticed, there seems 
little doubt the shell must be referred to the genus Spirifera. It is 
perfectly distinct from a little shell found with it, described by me in 
the Somersetshire Proceedings for 1854. We have thus evidence of 
