356 
THE GEOLOGIST. 
could only warrant tlie inference Noah drew from it — and, as the sequel shows 
correctly — -on the supposition that the dove had not found it floating, a waif, on 
the diluvial waters, but had plucked it from a tree still standing in its place and, 
indeed, growing. The Deluge, then, was not equal to the uprooting, breaking, 
or kiUing an ohve tree ; a fortiori, it was not equal to the production of geological 
phenomena such as man would be likely to recognize many years afterwards as 
its effects, and the proofs of its existence. 
I am, Sir, yours, &c., 
Laniorna, Torquay^ July 3rd, 1861. Wii. Pengelly. 
SPIRIT OF GOOD BOOKS. 
MR. PRESTWICH'S AND MR. EVANS'S PAPER ON FLINT 
IMPLEMENTS. 
(Continued from po^ge 328.) 
This Boulder clay caps all the hills around and forms a low table-land, through 
which the valleys are cut. Its very uneven base rests on white and yellow 
sands and gravel (5). In some places, however, thick beds of ochreous and 
ferruginous subangular flint-gravel, with subordinate beds of sand, form low 
hills subtending the main plateau along the valley of the Waveney. This 
gravel (2) is newer than the Boulder clay against which it usually slopes off, 
running, in thin patches, up some of the lateral valleys. 
" The top of the freshwater deposit of Hoxne reaches within six or eight 
feet of the summit of the hill, of which it forms an unbroken and uniform part. 
The adjacent hills are of about the same height, and there is no ground above 
a few feet higher for some miles around. No existing drainage, nor any 
possible with this configui-ation of surface, could have formed these clays and 
gravel beds, at the relative level they now occupy. 
" Since writing the above, I have had the pit and the intermediate ground 
to the TVaveney levelled. The top of the pit proves to be forty-two feet above 
the adjacent brook, fifty-three feet above the Waveney, and one hundi-ed and 
twelve feet above the sea. With Sir Edward Kerrison's courteous permission, 
we had also several trenches dug in the park to trace the extention of the 
freshwater deposit.* Altogether there have been sixteen trenches and borings 
made in and around the pit. — (October, 1860.) 
" The presence and abundance of perfect shells of Vahata and Bithinia, and 
the quantity of vegetable matter render it probable that these beds were accu- 
mulated by a slow stream, or a small marshy lake or mere, into which land- 
shells, the remains of land-animals, and drifted wood were carried down. The 
materials of this freshwater deposit are mainly such as would be produced and 
sorted by the slow wearing away of the Boulder clay. The clays and marls 
and the associated flint-gravels, with the pebbles of chalk, of quartz, and of 
hard eandstone, are materials just such as the artificial washing of the adjacent 
Boulder clay now produces in the same field — a pure calcareous clay on the 
one hand, and a heap of rough travel and flints, and older rock pebbles, on the 
other. The level of the Boulder clay in the adjacent field is lower than the 
* The results of these operations are embodied in the plans and sections 
plate X. of Mr. Prestwich's paper. 
