Quails. 
67 
them liardv and amiable, Init in exceptionally severe winters 
they are better for beinj^' taken indoors, as, si)endin^' most of 
their time upon the ground, their feet get frost-bitten. Their 
up )er mandible often gets overgrown. Mr. Payne, the Austra- 
lian trap])er, told me this could be ol)viated by having a few 
stones put down in the aviary and scattering seed thereon and 
in picking same from out of interstices between the stones they 
kejit their beaks to normal dimensions. 
X'lor.KT OR WiiiTE-wiNGED DovK ( Lcf'ioptUa jaiuaicoi- 
sis ). This species has not l^red with me, but I have only had one 
pair, which never properly settled down, and. as the cock spent 
n^ost of his time fighting the other doves in the aviary and inter- 
fering generally v/ith nesting arrangements, I parted with them. 
Among others both Miss R. Alderson and Mr. H. E. Bright 
have bred this species; perhaps one or both of them will kindly 
describe the doings of their pairs. 
To be co)ifi)iucd . 
<H-¥<' 
Quails. 
By W. Shore Baily 
The Quail family is a very numerous one, and although, 
these birds ai'e found in almost every country in the world, the 
hrd)its of tlie various species are very nmch alike. This makes 
them ideal aviary birds, as, once an aviculturist has had experi- 
ence in keeping any one kind, he can safely keep another specie.") 
fr, m perhajis a totally different part of the world. The food 
requirements of all Quails are very simi)le. They will, in an 
aviary of mixed birds, ])ractically keep themselves on the seeds 
that fall from the feeding tables. When they have young, li\c 
ants' eggs and mealworms are a help, but they are not abso- 
hitely indispensable. .America has sent us the largest numbe- 
of species so far. The United States lias al)out a dozen species, 
and sub-species. Central and South America probably have 
