I'anagers in Cages. 81 
All these, with the exception of the American Black- 
bird, who does not require warmth, and the Mexican Green 
Jay, inhabit the same room, which has only one outside wall, 
two large windows, and a fireplace capable of throwing out 
a good heat. The Sunbirds, and the more delicate Tanagers 
are kept fairly near this fire, which is however, completely 
screened. So that no direct heat or scorch can affect them. 
They are well in the centime of the room, the more robust 
Tanagers, Troupials, and Buntings being on the far side from 
the fire. As the room opens on one side into a well heated 
hall, and on the other side into the drawing-room, by 
leaving one of the doors open a change of warm air can al- 
ways be effected, and the room being very lofty, it does not 
get stuffy. In consideration of the Sunbirds the temperature 
is kept about 60 degrees, never, if possible, being allowed 
below 58 deg. or above 62 deg., though during the recent 
sharp snap it did fall, despite every effort, to 56 deg. How- 
ever, no harm resulted, and I feel lucky indeed to have come 
through so well. I ought to mention that we stand on a hill 
300 feeu above sea level in a very bleak part ,of Yorkshire. 
Twenty -seven degrees of frost were recently registered, and 
during autumn and winter, an even greater enemy to foreign 
birds — fog, is often much in evidence. However, by a. 
liberal use of electric light early, late, and in the daytime, 
when necessary, I manage to prevent this affecting them 
to any great extent. 
But to return to the Tanagers themselves. Needless 
to say the most prized of the collection is the 'very rare Blue 
and Black Tanager (T. cyanoniclaena), whom many fanciers 
may have seen. As this specimen has been exhibited three 
times, first at the L.C.B.A. Show in 1910, when the property 
of Mr. Maxwell, taking 1st prize, where the writer purchased 
him. Secondly, at the L.C.B.iA. Show, Nov., 1911, and thirdly 
at Bradford, December, 1911, where, besides being 1st in 
his class, he secured the F.B.C. medal for best foreign ibird 
in the show. He is very beautiful, of good carriage, and is 
very lively and sprightly. In January B.IS ., was a beautiful 
portrait of my bird from the skilful hand of Mr. Goodchild, 
which shows his marvellous colouring so well that no descrip- 
tion is needed. He is a great bather, and keeps his beauti- 
ful garment in excellent trim. He occupies a cage 24: inches by 
