(340 
fes into Jfia, or diverts himfelf upon the Bofporm, at which time 
the Bojiangi bafhi, who hath the principal care of the Emperors 
palace, and hath the command of the Bofporm^ fits at the helm 
and fteeres. 
The ieven Towers are at the South-eaft extremity. 
The only Suburbs are to the North- weft, along the Haven 
fide; for above the hill, where the three walls begin, lies an o- 
pen champaigne country, except that h^re and there at conii- 
derable diitances farme houfes are fcatter d. 
The Haven runs in from the Weft, and fo opens Eail. 
At the Eaft end of Galata is Tophana where they caft their 
great Guns. 
Pera and Galata have about fix gates to the Seaward. The 
whole tra£t of ground was anciently, before the times 
of the Emperor Valentinian , who encloled and forti- 
fied Galata with walls and towers, ftyled n?pcc7« oxK^gio Fercea 
being tt^V" •mMc^f, on the other fide of the City to the North, 
which is the reafon of its name, feated on higher" hills , and 
whofe afcent is more fteep and difficult. 
Cur modern Geographers, fuch as Meroator and Ortelius, who 
herein follow Ptolemy , place Conjiantinople in the Latitude of 
43. degrees and minutes: the Arabian and Perfian Ajlrono- 
mers , as Abulfeda^ NaJJir Eddin, Vlugh Beigh, and fo the ^ox^^ot 
m'ovs^ of Chryfococcas tranflated out of the P^r/?^w tables, place it 
more Northerly in 4$, But by latter and better obfervation 
it is found, that they have erred in afligning the Latitude of 
this City, as of feveral other places. To falve thefe diflerences, 
there is no juft ground of pretenfe to lay , that the Poles are 
moveable and have changed their fituation fince their time, 
whereas it may better be imputed to their want of due care, 
or to their taking things upon truft, from the reports of Tra- 
vellers and Seamen , not having been upon the places them- 
felves: whicli certainly is to befaid for Ptolemy whofe obfer- 
vations , as to places more remote from Alexandria , are far 
I from being accurate and true. The learned Mr. Gr eaves ^ 
as I find in a manufcript difcourfe, very worthy of being 
-printed, which he prefented to the moft Reverend and re- 
nowned 
